Plasticity Associated Changes in Neurophysiological Tests Following Non Invasive Brain Stimulation in Stroke Rat Model

Min Kyun Sohn; Hee-Jung Song; Sungju Jee

doi:10.14253/kjcn.2014.16.2.62

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Sohn, Song, and Jee: Plasticity Associated Changes in Neurophysiological Tests Following Non Invasive Brain Stimulation in Stroke Rat Model

Original Article

Korean J Community Nutr 2014;16(2):62-69.

Published online: 18 January 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14253/kjcn.2014.16.2.62

Plasticity Associated Changes in Neurophysiological Tests Following Non Invasive Brain Stimulation in Stroke Rat Model

Min Kyun Sohn¹, Hee-Jung Song², Sungju Jee¹

¹Departments of Rehabilitation Medicine and Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea

²Departments of Neurology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea

Address for correspondence; Sungju Jee Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, 266 Munhwa-ro, Jung-gu, Daejeon 301-747, Korea Tel: +82-42-338-2423 Fax: +82-42-338-2461 E-mail: drjeesungju@cnuh.co.kr

Received 7 April 2014 Revised 7 November 2014 Accepted 5 December 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Background:

Neuromodulation therapy has been used to an adjunctive treatment promoting motor recovery in stroke patients. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) on neurobehavioral recovery and evoked potentials in rats with middle cerebral artery occlusion.

Methods:

Seventy Sprague-Daley rats were induced permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) stroke model and successful stroke rats (n=56) assigned to the rTMS (n=28) and sham (n=28) group. The 10 Hz, high frequency rTMS gave on ipsilesional forepaw motor cortex during 2 weeks in rTMS group. The somatosensory evoked potential (SSEP) and motor evoked potential (MEP) were used to evaluate the electrophysiological changes. Behavioral function of the stroke rat was evaluated by the Rota rod and Garcia test.

Results:

Forty rats (N_rTMS=20; N_sham=20) completed all experimental course. The rTMS group showed better performance than sham group in Rota rod test and Garcia test at day 11 (p<0.05) but not day 18 (p>0.05). The amplitude of MEP and SSEP in rTMS group was larger than sham group at day 18 (p<0.05).

Conclusions:

These data confirm that the high frequency rTMS on ipsilesional cerebral motor cortex can help the early recovery of motor performance in permanent middle cerebral artery stroke model and it may simultaneously associate with changes in neurophysiological activity in brain. (Korean J Clin Neurophysiol 2014;16:62-69)

Keywords: Stroke, Rat, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Evoked potential

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Figure 1.

Stimulation method of rTMS for a session (A) and experimental schedule (B). Ten 2 s trains at a rate of 10 Hz with 6.4 s inter-train interval per a day (A). After surgery, the 1st behavioral (Garcia test and Rota rod test) and electrophysiological evaluations were performed at postoperative day 4. The intervention such as rTMS or sham stimulation was applied for 10 days over a 2 week period with a 2 day rest, which was followed by the 3rd behavioral and electrophysiological evaluation at day 18. At day 11, behavioral tests were performed for 2nd evaluation. rTMS; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Figure 2.

Active (black arrow), reference (white arrow), ground (gray arrow) electrode and the coil position (A) and the representative motor evoked potential (B).

Figure 3.

The Rota rod test showed improvement of distance (A) and latency (B) with time in both groups. At day 11, there was significant difference between groups. ^*p<0.001 by Mann Whitney U test. rTMS; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Figure 4.

Garcia score showed improvement with time in both groups. At day 11, there was significant difference between groups. ^*p<0.001 by Mann Whitney U test. rTMS; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Figure 5.

The peak to peak amplitude of somatosensory evoked potential in rTMS group showed larger amplitude at day 18 than sham group. ^*By Wilcoxon signed-rank test p<0.05. rTMS; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

Figure 6.

The peak amplitude of motor evoked potential in rTMS group was larger amplitude at day 18 than sham group. ^*By Wilcoxon signed-rank test p<0.05, ^†by Mann Whitney U test p<0.05. rTMS; repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.

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