Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major health problem even in developed countries not to speak of under-developed countries despite declines in TBI over the past 20 years. However, there is no definite therapy until now even though these cause a great burden to the head-injured victims as well as to the society to which they belong. The main aim of this review is to provide a short update on the most recent advances in our knowledge of non-pharmacological strategies and new pharmacological avenues, which are still being developed to improve the outcome of severe head injury.