A Comparison of Symptoms, Depression, and Quality of Life according to Stages of Survivorship in Lung Cancer Patients

Yoon Jung Chae; Park Jeong Sook

doi:10.5388/aon.2017.17.2.79

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Chae and Jeong Sook: A Comparison of Symptoms, Depression, and Quality of Life according to Stages of Survivorship in Lung Cancer Patients

Original Article

Asian Oncol Nurs 2017;17(2):79-86.

Published online: 5 June 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2017.17.2.79

A Comparison of Symptoms, Depression, and Quality of Life according to Stages of Survivorship in Lung Cancer Patients

Yoon Jung Chae¹, Park Jeong Sook²

¹Department of Nursing, Youngnam University Hospital, Daegu, Korea

²College of Nursing, Keimyung University, Daegu, Korea

^∗ This article is based on a part of the first author's master's thesis from Keimyung University.

Address reprint requests to: Park, Jeong Sook College of Nursing, Keimyung University, 1095 Dalgubeol-daero, Dalseo-gu, Daegu 42601, Korea Tel: +82-53-580-3907 Fax: +82-53-580-3916 E-mail: jsp544@kmu.ac.kr

Received 26 Feb 201715 May 2017 Accepted 16 Jun 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

초록

Purpose

This study was a descriptive study to compare symptoms, depression and the quality of life according to stages of survivorship in lung cancer patients.

Methods

Data were collected from April 1st to September 30th 2016. The subjects of this study were 135 lung cancer patients who were outpatients or inpatients at a university hospital. The instruments used were the MDASI-LC (M.D. Anderson Symptom Inventory-Lung Cancer), the Korean CES-D (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression) and FACT-L (Functional Assessment Cancer Therapy-Lung) version 4.

Results

Insensibility/numbness (F=-2.42, p=.016) and trouble walking (F=-2.21, p=.029) symptom scores were significantly higher in the acute survival stage (less than 2 years) than the overextended survival stage (more than 2 years). But there was no significant differences in depression and quality of life between survival stages in lung cancer patients.

Conclusion

Lung cancer patients of more than 2 survival years should be managed for relief symptoms such as insensibility/numbness and trouble walking cautiously.

Keywords: Lung Neoplasm, Survivorship, Symptom, Depression, Quality of Life

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Table 1.

General and Disease-related Characteristics according to Survival Stages in Lung Cancer Patients (N =135)

Variables	Characteristics	Categories	n (%)	Surviorship		x²	p
				＜2 years (n=84)	≥2 years (n=51)
				n (%)	n (%)
General charaistics	Gender	Female	34 (25.2)	20 (14.8)	14 (10.4)	0.22	.637
		Male	101 (74.8)	64 (47.4)	37 (27.4)
	Age (year)	40~59	27 (20.0)	20 (14.8)	7 (5.2)	5.95	.051
		60~69	54 (40.0)	37 (27.4)	17 (12.6)
		≥70	54 (40.0)	27 (20.0)	27 (20.0)
	Education level	≤ Elementary s	school 25 (18.5)	17 (12.6)	8 (5.9)	0.94	.625
		Middle school	35 (25.9)	23 (17.0)	12 (8.9)
		≥ High school	75 (55.6)	44 (32.6)	31 (23.0)
	Job	Yes	30 (22.2)	18 (13.3)	12 (8.9)	0.08	.776
		No	105 (77.8)	66 (48.9)	39 (28.9)
	Religion	Christian	46 (34.0)	24 (17.8)	22 (16.2)	6.53	.038
		Buddhist	31 (23.0)	25 (18.5)	6 (4.5)
		None	58 (43.0)	35 (25.9)	23 (17.1)
	Monthly incom	me ＜100	75 (55.6)	46 (34.1)	29 (21.5)	0.56	.754
	(10,000 won)	100~199	46 (34.0)	28 (20.7)	18 (13.3)
		≥200	14 (10.4)	10 (7.4)	4 (3.0)
Disease-related	ECOG	0	14 (10.4)	10 (7.4)	4 (3.0)	3.58	.465
characteristics		1	71 (52.6)	44 (32.6)	27 (20.0)
		2	29 (21.5)	17 (12.6)	12 (8.9)
		3	15 (11.0)	11 (8.0)	4 (3.0)
		4	6 (4.5)	2 (1.5)	4 (3.0)
	Diagnosis	Adenocarcinom	ma 68 (50.4)	41 (30.4)	27 (20.0)	0.95	.621
		Squamous cell carcinoma	40 (29.6)	24 (17.8)	16 (11.8)
		Others	27 (20.0)	19 (14.1)	8 (5.9)
	Treatment	Surgery	24 (17.8)	16 (11.9)	8 (5.9)	3.66	.300
	method	Chemotherapy	40 (29.6)	29 (21.5)	11 (8.1)
		Radiation	5 (3.7)	3 (2.2)	2 (1.5)
		Combination th	herapy 66 (48.9)	36 (26.7)	30 (22.2)
	Metastasis	Yes	47 (34.8)	28 (20.7)	19 (14.1)	0.21	.643
		No	88 (65.2)	56 (41.5)	32 (23.7)

ECOG= European cooperative oncology group; 0= Fully active; 1= Restricted in physically strenuous activity but ambulatory and able to carry out light work; 2= Ambulatory: capable of all self-care but unable to work; up more than 50% of waking hours; 3= Capable of only limited self-care; confined to bed/chair＞50% waking hours; 4= Not capable of self-care; totally confined to bed/chair.

Table 2.

Lung Cancer Symptoms, Depression and Quality of Life according to Survival Stages in Lung Cancer Patients (N =135)

Division	Item	M ± SD or n (%)	Survivorship		x² or t	p
			＜2 years (n=84)	≥2 years (n=51)
			M ± SD	M ± SD
Severity of	Fatigue	5.08 ± 3.04	5.27 ± 2.97	4.76 ± 3.16	0.94	.348
symptoms	Distressed (upset)	4.98 ± 3.09	5.04 ± 3.14	4.88 ± 3.04	0.27	.782
	Lack of appetite	4.88 ± 3.21	4.68 ± 3.23	5.22 ± 3.20	-0.94	.349
	Sad	4.49 ± 2.83	4.51 ± 2.82	4.45 ± 2.88	0.12	.904
	Sad	4.49 ± 2.83	4.51 ± 2.82	4.45 ± 2.88	0.12	.904
	Disturbed sleep	4.18 ± 3.25	4.20 ± 3.39	4.14 ± 3.04	0.11	.911
	Shortness of breath	4.16 ± 3.41	4.10 ± 3.41	4.27 ± 3.44	-0.29	.769
	Shortness of breath	4.16 ± 3.41	4.10 ± 3.41	4.27 ± 3.44	-0.29	.769
	Dry mouth	4.13 ± 2.92	4.39 ± 2.97	3.69 ± 2.82	1.36	.175
	Pain	3.33 ± 2.88	3.30 ± 2.91	3.37 ± 2.87	-0.14	.884
	Coughing	3.30 ± 2.60	3.23 ± 2.59	3.41 ± 2.64	-0.40	.690
	Drowsy (sleep)	2.59 ± 3.04	2.27 ± 2.66	3.12 ± 3.55	-1.56	.119
	Drowsy (sleep)	2.59 ± 3.04	2.27 ± 2.66	3.12 ± 3.55	-1.56	.119
	Vomiting	2.58 ± 2.87	2.69 ± 2.99	2.39 ± 2.69	0.58	.561
	Numbness/tingling	2.37 ± 2.61	2.26 ± 2.37	3.37 ± 2.88	-2.42	.016
	Constipation	2.34 ± 2.87	2.37 ± 2.82	2.29 ± 2.98	0.14	.884
	Problem with remembering things	2.04 ± 2.60	1.81 ± 2.52	2.41 ± 2.71	-1.30	.194
	Sore throat	1.12 ± 1.71	1.14 ± 1.79	1.08 ± 1.58	0.21	.833
Level of symptoms interference with life	Enjoyment of life	6.18 ± 3.02	6.02 ± 3.18	6.43 ± 2.75	-0.75	.450
	Relations with other people	5.06 ± 3.16	4.79 ± 3.23	5.51 ± 3.02	-1.29	.199
	Work (including housework)	5.01 ± 3.05	4.95 ± 3.08	5.10 ± 3.03	-0.26	.789
	Mood	4.91 ± 3.13	4.67 ± 3.19	5.31 ± 3.02	-1.16	.246
	General activity	4.71 ± 3.16	4.64 ± 3.20	4.82 ± 3.12	-0.32	.749
	Walking	4.20 ± 3.32	3.71 ± 3.28	5.00 ± 3.25	-2.21	.029
Total symptom score		85.03 ± 39.13	83.39 ± 40.67	87.73 ± 36.69	-0.62	.535
Depression ＜21	47 (34.8)	30 (22.2)	17 (12.6)	0.85	.464
	≥21		88 (65.2)	54 (40.0)	34 (25.2)
Total depression score		23.04 ± 10.11	22.02 ± 10.06	24.71 ± 10.07	-1.50	.136
Mean quality of life		2.18 ± 0.61	2.20 ± 0.62	2.14 ± 0.58	0.50	.617

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