A Study on Genetic Knowledge and Anxiety in Patients with Breast Cancer

Hyeyeon Seo; Myungsun Yi

doi:10.5388/aon.2017.17.3.151

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Seo and Yi: A Study on Genetic Knowledge and Anxiety in Patients with Breast Cancer

Original Article

Asian Oncol Nurs 2017;17(3):151-157.

Published online: 5 September 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2017.17.3.151

A Study on Genetic Knowledge and Anxiety in Patients with Breast Cancer

Hyeyeon Seo¹, Myungsun Yi²

¹Graduate School of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

²College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea

^∗ This article is a revision of the first author's master's thesis from Seoul National University.

Address reprint requests to: Seo, Hyeyeon College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 03080, Korea Tel: +82-2-740-8460 Fax: +82-2-766-1852 E-mail: shygirl2@snu.ac.kr

Received 24 May 201729 Jun 2017 Accepted 17 Aug 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

초록

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to understand the levels of knowledge about hereditary breast cancer and anxiety among patients with breast cancer and to identify the relationship between knowledge and anxiety.

Methods

The data were collected from 100 patients with breast cancer in Seoul in 2013. A 15-item hereditary breast cancer knowledge questionnaire and 20-item anxiety state questionnaire were used to measure knowledge and anxiety, respectively. The data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, one-way ANOVA, LSD post hoc tests, and Cronbach's α tests in SPSS/WIN 21.0.

Results

The mean score of knowledge was 8.34±3.17, indicating 0.56 when converted to 1. Knowledge was different by age, education, marital status, monthly family income, risk for hereditary breast cancer, and needs for genetic counseling. The mean score of anxiety was 46.05±10.53. There was positive correlation between knowledge and anxiety (r=.25, p=.014).

Conclusion

The results of this study indicate that oncology professionals need to provide genetic knowledge for early detection and prevention of secondary cancer to patients with breast cancer, while con-sidering and relieving their emotional distress, such as anxiety.

Keywords: Breast Neoplasms, Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome, Genetic Counseling, Knowledge, Anxiety

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Table 1.

Knowledge and Anxiety by General Characteristics (N=100)

Variables	Categories	n (%) or M ± SD	Knowledge			Anxiety
Variables	Categories	n (%) or M ± SD	M ± SD	t or F	p	M ± SD	t or F	p
Age (year)	20~29	5 (5.0)	9.80 _± 3.96	3.56∗	.009	41.80 _± 7.19	1.18	.325
	30~39	21 (21.0)	9.52 ± 3.16			49.67 ± 10.54
	40~49	39 (39.0)	8.72 ± 2.92			45.92 ± 11.53
	50~59	23 (23.0)	7.57 ± 3.01			46.96 ± 8.74
	≥ 60	12 (12.0)	5.92 ± 2.71			42.67 ± 10.31
		46.4 _± 10.79
Religion	Christianity	20 (20.0)	7.75 ± 3.63	1.93	.130	43.15 ± 12.92	1.64	.185
	Catholicism	19 (19.0)	9.84 ± 2.73			48.79 ± 12.13
	Buddhism	33 (33.0)	8.24 _± 2.93			48.33 _± 9.35
	Others	28 (28.0)	7.86 ± 3.23			44.64 ± 7.93
Education	≤ Middle school	16 (16.0)	6.88 ± 3.32	5.94∗	.004	45.06 ± 8.53	0.49	.616
	High school	34 (34.0)	7.53 _± 2.98			45.44 _± 10.44
	≥ College	50 (50.0)	9.36 ± 2.96			47.38 ± 11.11
Occupation	Yes	40 (40.0)	8.76 ± 3.30	-1.06	.294	46.10 ± 10.78	0.19	.847
	No	60 (60.0)	8.07 _± 3.08			46.52 _± 10.34
Marital status	Married	76 (76.0)	8.18 ± 3.07	3.10∗	.050	47.25 ± 10.70	1.18	.312
	Unmarried	16 (16.0)	9.88 ± 3.18			43.63 ± 9.05
	Others	8 (8.0)	6.75 _± 3.50			43.25 _± 10.46
Monthly family income (10,000 won)	＜200	22 (22.0)	6.90 ± 3.25	4.82∗	.010	43.77 ± 8.36	2.66	.075
	200~399	43 (43.0)	8.16 ± 3.26			45.09 ± 9.59
	≥ 400	35 (35.0)	9.46 _± 2.65			49.51 _± 12.07
Risk for hereditary	Low risk group	44 (44.0)	7.59 ± 3.16	-2.13	.036	44.89 ± 9.30	-1.24	.217
breast cancer	High risk group	56 (56.0)	8.93 ± 3.09			47.50 ± 11.25
Needs for genetic	Yes	70 (70.0)	8.77 ± 3.08	2.11	.037	46.40 ± 11.05	-0.07	.942
counseling	No	30 (30.0)	7.33 ± 3.21			46.23 ± 9.13

^∗ LSD= Least significance difference.

Table 2.

Knowledge Scores of Each Question (N=100)

Question	M ± SD
·The need of family surveillance of the person not carrying mutation.	0.88 ± 0.37
·The possibility of the breast cancer in the case of the women not carrying mutation.	0.85 ± 0.36
·The need of the breast self examination and the mammogram for women not carrying mutation.	0.82 ± 0.39
·The onset age of the breast cancer of the women with positive mutation.	0.65 ± 0.48
·In the case of the women not having mutation, the possibility of the predisposing to hereditary breast and ovarian cancer in her family.	0.60 _± 0.49
·The tendency of the young age onset in the case of the women with mutation.	0.59 ± 0.49
·The possibility of the collateral breast cancer of the women with mutation.	0.54 ± 0.50
·The possibility of the mutation detection in mammogram.	0.53 ± 0.50
·The relationship of breast cancer between mother and daughter.	0.53 ± 0.50
·The need of the ovarian surveillance for the women having mutation.	0.51 ± 0.50
·The possibility of the son's having breast cancer, if his mother has mutation.	0.48 _± 0.50
·The ratio of the hereditary breast and ovarian cancer among the breast cancer population.	0.44 ± 0.50
·The possibility of the daughter's having mutation, if her father has mutation.	0.40 ± 0.49
·The relationship of hereditary breast and ovarian cancer between mother and daughter.	0.28 ± 0.45
·The possibility of the daughter's having mutation, if her mother has mutation.	0.25 ± 0.44
Sum (15 items)	8.34 ± 3.17
Total M ± SD	0.56 ± 0.21

Table 3.

Level of Anxiety (N=100)

Variable	M ± SD	Actual range	Possible range
Anxiety score	46.05 ± 10.53	24~74	20~80

Table 4.

Relationship between Knowledge and Anxiety of the Participants

Variable	Anxiety r	p
Knowledge	.25	.014

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