Relationships among Stress, Perception of Occurrence Risk of Cancer and Cancer Preventive Health Behavior in Three-Shift Nurses

Yeon Suk Bae; So Young Choi

doi:10.5388/aon.2015.15.3.178

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Bae and Choi: Relationships among Stress, Perception of Occurrence Risk of Cancer and Cancer Preventive Health Behavior in Three-Shift Nurses

Original Article

Asian Oncology Nursing 2015; 15(3): 178-184.

Published online: 30 September 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2015.15.3.178

Relationships among Stress, Perception of Occurrence Risk of Cancer and Cancer Preventive Health Behavior in Three-Shift Nurses

Yeon Suk Bae¹, So Young Choi²

¹Department of Nursing, Suncheon Medical Center, Suncheon, Korea.

²College of Nursing·Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Choi, So Young. College of Nursing, Institute of Health Science, Gyeongsang National University, 816-15 Jinju-daero, Jinju 52727, Korea. Tel: +82-772-8241, Fax: +82-55-772-8209, csy4214@hanmail.net

Received 7 July 2015 Revised 17 August 2015 Accepted 23 September 2015

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the relationship of stress, perception of occurrence risk of cancer and cancer preventive health behavior in three-shift nurses.

Methods

The participants of this study were 252 three shifts nurses working at three medium and small sized hospitals with 100 to 300 beds. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire from September to October 2014.

Results

The mean score for stress was 24.35±7.93. The mean score of perception for occurrence risk of cancer was 12.63±4.12 and cancer preventive health behavior was 58.07±8.87. Stress had a positive relationship with the perception of occurrence risk of cancer (r=.40, p<.001); the perception of occurrence risk of cancer had a positive relationship with the preventive health behavior against it (r=.31, p<.001); and stress had a positive relationship with preventive health behavior against it (r=.33, p<.001).

Conclusion

The findings show that participants stress levels were high and degrees of perceptions of occurrence risk and cancer preventive health behaviors were low. Significant correlations were found among these variables. On the basis of these findings, development of intervention is required to reduce stress and enhance the perception of occurrence risk of cancer and cancer preventive health behavior among three shifts nurses.

Keywords: Nurses, Stress, Perception, Health Behavior, Cancer

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Differences of Stress, Perception of Occurrence Risk of Cancer, and Cancer Preventive Health Behavior in General Characteristics of Subjects (N=254)

Characteristics	Categories	n (%)	Stress		Perception of cancer occurrence risk		Cancer preventive health behavior
Characteristics	Categories	n (%)	M±SD	t or F (p)	M±SD	t or F (p)	M±SD	t or F (p)
Age (year)^*	20~24	34 (13.4)	25.38^a± 8.91	6.50 (<.001)	12.38 ± 4.55	1.22 (.303)	49.85^ab ± 7.36	3.96 (.009)
	25~29	125 (49.2)	25.98^a ± 7.43		12.94 ± 4.19		51.19^a ± 9.31
	30~34	49 (19.3)	23.16^ab ± 8.02		12.92 ± 3.93		50.39^ab ± 8.36
	≥ 35	46 (18.1)	20.41^b ± 7.03		11.65 ± 3.70		46.04^b ± 8.34
Spouse	Yes	83 (32.7)	22.02 ± 7.33	3.32 (.001)	12.19 ± 3.62	1.17 (.243)	48.99 ± 8.98	1.17 (.242)
Spouse	No	171 (67.3)	25.48 ± 7.99	3.32 (.001)	12.84 ± 4.33	1.17 (.243)	50.38 ± 8.81	1.17 (.242)
Education	College	182 (71.7)	24.87 ± 8.02	1.68 (.095)	12.84 ± 4.12	1.29 (.198)	49.98 ± 8.89	0.17 (.868)
Education	Graduate	72 (28.3)	23.03 ± 7.60	1.68 (.095)	12.10 ± 4.09	1.29 (.198)	49.78 ± 8.90	0.17 (.868)
Religion	Yes	84 (33.1)	22.92 ± 8.24	- 2.03 (.043)	12.68 ± 4.05	0.14 (.886)	49.94 ± 8.32	.019 (.985)
Religion	No	170 (66.9)	25.06 ± 7.70	- 2.03 (.043)	12.60 ± 4.16	0.14 (.886)	49.92 ± 9.16	.019 (.985)
Working department	ICU	26 (10.2)	21.73 ± 7.39	2.03 (.109)	11.15 ± 2.96	2.28 (.080)	47.54^b ± 10.34	2.92 (.034)
	ER	26 (10.2)	26.04 ± 7.38		14.12 ± 4.16		53.81^a ± 9.76
	OR	22 (8.7)	22.23 ± 7.29		12.55 ± 3.50		47.45^b ± 9.87
	Ward	180 (70.9)	24.74 ± 8.08		12.63 ± 4.27		50.01^ab ± 8.24
Carrier (year)	≤ 5	128 (50.4)	26.11^a ± 8.15	7.67 (.001) a>b	12.86 ± 4.41	0.64 (.530)	50.72^a ± 9.08	4.24 (.015)
	6~10	74 (29.1)	23.38^ab ± 7.39		12.59 ± 3.87		50.77^a ± 8.22
	≥ 11	52 (20.5)	21.40^b ± 7.11		12.10 ± 3.69		46.77^b± 8.70
Cancer insurance	Yes	167 (65.7)	23.49^a ± 8.11	3.35 (.037)	12.60 ± 3.98	0.02 (.984)	49.98 ± 9.13	0.13 (.877)
	No	49 (19.3)	26.67^a ± 7.85		12.61 ± 4.50		50.24 ± 8.70
	Unknown	38 (15.0)	25.16^a ± 6.67		12.74 ± 4.30		49.29 ± 8.11
Health status	Very good	16 (6.3)	17.44^c ± 7.53	21.11 (<.001)	8.25^b ± 2.93	12.84 (<.001)	44.56^b ± 9.03	4.06 (.008)
	Good	97 (38.2)	21.93^bc ± 6.73		11.72^a ± 4.27		49.02^ab ± 8.87
	Moderate	120 (47.2)	25.67^ab ± 7.30		13.63^a± 3.58		50.69^ab ± 8.58
	Bad	21 (8.3)	33.29^a ± 7.62		14.38^a± 3.88		53.81^a± 8.55
Cancer family history	Yes	115 (45.3)	23.83 ± 8.02	1.72 (.180)	13.43^ab± 4.02	7.63 (.001)	51.37^a ± 8.29	3.02 (.050)
	No	124 (48.8)	24.40 ± 7.73		11.65^b ± 4.06		48.56^a ± 9.54
	Unknown	15 (5.9)	27.87 ± 8.53		14.53^a ± 3.42		50.13^a ± 5.59

^*Sheffé test: a>b>c.

Table 2

The Degree of Stress, Perception of Occurrence Risk of Cancer, and Cancer Preventive Health Behavior of the Subjects (N=254)

Variables	Possible range	Min	Max	M ± SD
Stress	0~54	4.00	45.00	24.35 ± 7.93
Perception of occurrence risk of cancer	5~25	5.00	25.00	12.63 ± 4.12
Cancer preventive health behavior	18~90	24.00	73.00	49.93 ± 8.87

Table 3

Correlation between the Degree of Stress, Perception of Occurrence Risk of Cancer, and Cancer Preventive Health Behavior (N=254)

Variables	Stress	Perception of occurrence risk of cancer	Cancer preventive health behavior
Variables	r (p)	r (p)	r (p)
Stress	1
Perception of occurrence risk of cancer	.40 (<.001)	1
Cancer preventive health behavior	.33 (<.001)	.31 (<.001)	1

Notes

This manuscript is based on a part of the first author's master dissertation from Gyeongsang National University.

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