Journal List > Asian Oncol Nurs > v.13(4) > 1081786

TOOLS
Lee and Sohn: Optimism and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Breast Cancer Patients
Original Article

Asian Oncology Nursing 2013; 13(4): 280-286.

Published online: 31 December 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5388/aon.2013.13.4.280

Optimism and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Breast Cancer Patients

Sun Ae Lee1, Sue Kyung Sohn2

1Department of Nursing, Kyungpook National University Medical Center, Daegu, Korea.

2Department of Nursing, Kosin University, Busan, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Sohn, Sue Kyung. Department of Nursing, Kosin University, Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan 602-703, Korea. Tel: +82-51-990-6454, Fax: +82-51-990-3031, sue@kosin.ac.kr

Received 13 February 2013       Accepted 14 November 2013

© 2013 Korean Oncology Nursing Society

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This study was to describe the relationship between optimism and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in breast cancer patients.

Methods

The data were collected by self-administered questionnaires from March 5 to April 24, 2012. The participants included 204 breast cancer patients at K university hospital in D city. The utilized measurements were Life Orientation Test-revised (LOT-R) and Impact of Event Scale (IES).

Results

The mean scores of optimism and PTSD were 21.61±3.54 and 30.18±10.43, respectively. There were significant differences in the score of optimism by monthly income, engaging in a hobby, perceived level of stress management, need to manage stress, and people thought to be helpful in stress management. There were significant differences in the score of PTSD by engaging in a hobby, recurrence of cancer, the number of hospitalization, perceived level of stress management, need to manage stress, and people thought to be helpful in stress management. There was a negative correlation between optimism and PTSD.

Conclusion

To relieve post-traumatic stress in breast cancer patients, nurses should provide ongoing psychological stress assessment from the beginning of the diagnostic stage and offer proper nursing intervention to improve optimism in dealing with their stress.

Keywords: Breast Neoplasms, Patients, Optimism, Stress Disorders, Post-traumatic

Figures and Tables

Table 1
Characteristics of the Subject (N =204)
aon-13-280-i001

*Multiple response.

Table 2
Level of Optimism and PTSD in Subjects (N =204)
aon-13-280-i002
Table 3
Level of Optimism by General and Medical Characteristics (N =204)
aon-13-280-i003
Table 4
Level of PTSD by General and Medical Characteristics (N =204)
aon-13-280-i004
Table 5
Correlation between Optimism and PTSD (N =204)
aon-13-280-i005

References

1. 2012 annual report: National cancer registration statistics. Statistics Korea;Accessed June 30, 2013. http://kosis.kr/gen_etl.
2. Rohan TE, Jain M, Howe GR, Miller AB. Alcohol consumption and risk of breast cancer; a cohort study. Cancer Causes Control. 2000; 11:239–247.
3. Sammarco A, Konecny LM. Quality of life, social support, and uncertainty among Latino breast cancer survivors. Oncol Nurs Forum. 2008; 35(5):844–849.
crossref
4. American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 4th ed. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association;2000.
5. Eitinger L. Organic and psychosomatic after-effects of concentration camp imprisonment. Int Psychiatry Clin. 1971; 8:205–215.
6. Vieweg WV, Julius DA, Fernandez A, Beatty-Brooks M, Hettema JM, Pandurangi AK. Posttraumatic stress disorder: clinical features, pathophysiology and treatment. Am J Med. 2006; 119:383–390.
crossref
7. Kessler RC, Sonnega A, Bromet E, Hughes M, Nelson CB. Posttraumatic stress disorder in the national comorbidity survey. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 1995; 52:1048–1060.
crossref
8. Treatment and Side Effect. Accessed June 30, 2013. http://www.breastcancer.org/treatment/side_effects/stress_disorder.
10. Mehnert A, Koch U. Prevalence of acute and post-traumatic stress disorder and comorbid mental disorders in breast cancer patients during primary cancer care: a prospective study. Psychooncology. 2007; 16:181–188.
crossref
11. Lazarus RS, Folkman A. Stress and coping: some current issue and controversies. New York: Columbia University Press;1984.
12. Scheier MF, Carver CS. Optimism, coping, and health: assessment and implications of generalized outcome expectancies. Health Psychol. 1985; 4(3):219–247.
crossref
13. Kim HY. A structural model for psychosocial adjustment in early breast cancer patients [dissertation]. Chonnam: Chonnam Univ.;2009.
14. Friedman LC, Kalidas M, Elledge R, Chang J, Romero C, Husain I, et al. Optimism, social support and psychosocial functioning among women with breast cancer. Psychooncology. 2006; 15:595–603.
crossref
15. Scheier MF, Carver CS, Bridges MW. Distinguishing optimism from neuroticism and trait anxiety, self-mastery, and self-esteem: a re-evaluation of the Life Orientation Test. J Pers Soc Psychol. 1994; 67:1063–1078.
crossref
16. Shin HS. Testing the mediating effect of coping in the relation of optimism and pessimism to psychological adjustment in adolescents. Korean J Youth Stud. 2005; 12(3):165–192.
17. Horowitz M, Wilner BA, Alvarez MA. Impact of event scale: a measure of subjective stress. Psychosom Med. 1979; 41:209–218.
crossref
18. Yi SM, Eun HJ. A study of reliability and validity on the Korean version of impact of event scale. J Korean Neuropsychiatr Assoc. 1999; 38(3):501–513.
19. Kim KH. A study on the optimism and coping styles in cancer patients [dissertation]. . Gangneung: Kwandong Univ.;2010.
20. Kang O. Effects of optimism and social support on adaptation of cancer patients [dissertation]. Suwon: Aju Univ.;2000.
21. Sung GH. The effect of optimism and repressive coping on satisfaction with life and depression of cancer patient's caregiver [dissertation]. Seoul: Korea Univ.;2009.
22. O'Connor M, Christensen S, Jensen AB, Moller S, Zachariae R. How traumatic is breast cancer? post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) and risk factors for severe PTSS at 3 and 15 months after surgery in a nationwide cohort of Danish women treated for primary breast cancer. Br J Cancer. 2011; 104:419–426.
23. Woo HA. The relationship between multiple injury severity and posttraumatic stress severity for traffic accidents victims [dissertation]. Chonnam: Chonnam Univ.;2001.
24. Johnson-Vickberg SM. Fears about breast cancer recurrence. Cancer Pract. 2001; 9(5):237–243.
crossref
TOOLS
Similar articles