Abstract
Objective
Methods
Results
Figures and Tables
Figure 2
Karad's integrated distalizing system. A, Intraoral view from the buccal aspects. B, Intraoral view from the palatal aspects.
![kjod-46-96-g002](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/1123kjod/kjod-46-96-g002.jpg)
Figure 3
Measurements recorded on model photocopies. A, Angular measurements. 1, R4 angle: angle between the maxillary right first premolar axis and the midline reference plane (ML); 2, L4 angle: angle between the maxillary left first premolar axis and ML; 3, R5 angle: angle between the maxillary right second premolar axis and ML; 4, L5 angle: angle between the maxillary left second premolar axis and ML; 5, R6 angle: angle between the line passing through the distobuccal and mesiopalatal cusp tips of the maxillary right first molar and ML; 6, L6 angle: angle between the line passing through the distobuccal and mesiopalatal cusp tips of the maxillary left first molar and ML. B, Linear measurements. 7, U4 distance: distance between the buccal cusp tips of the maxillary right and left first premolars; 8, U5 distance: distance between the buccal cusp tips of the maxillary right and left second premolars; 9, U6M distance: distance between the mesiobuccal cusp tips of the maxillary right and left first molars; 10, U6D distance: distance between the distobuccal cusp tips of the maxillary right and left first molars.
![kjod-46-96-g003](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/1123kjod/kjod-46-96-g003.jpg)
Table 1
Values for the parameters assessed before the initiation of molar distalization with the Frog group and KIDS group
![kjod-46-96-i001](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/1123kjod/kjod-46-96-i001.jpg)
Table 2
Intragroup and intergroup comparisons of transverse dental changes induced by the Frog group and KIDS group
![kjod-46-96-i002](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/1123kjod/kjod-46-96-i002.jpg)
Values are presented as mean (standard error of the mean) or mean difference ± standard error of the mean difference.
Frog group, using the Frog appliance (Forestadent, Pfar zheim, Germany; palatally acting); KIDS group, using Karad's integrated distalizing system (KIDS; buccally acting).
NS, Not significant.
Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test were used.
Table 3
Intergroup comparison of the amount of rotation per millimeter of sagittal movement in the first premolar and first molar after treatment with the Frog group and KIDS group
![kjod-46-96-i003](/upload/SynapseData/ArticleImage/1123kjod/kjod-46-96-i003.jpg)
Frog group, using the Frog appliance (Forestadent, Pfar zheim, Germany; palatally acting); KIDS group, using Karad's integrated distalizing system (KIDS; buccally acting). R4ang/R4mes and L4ang/L4mes, amount of rotation per millimeter of right and left first premolar mesialization; R6ang/R6mes and L6ang/L6mes, amount of rotation per millimeter of right and left first molar distalization.
SD, Standard deviation; NS, not significant.
Mann Whitney U test was used.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
References
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)
![crossref](/image/icon/bnr_ref_cross.gif)