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Shibayama, Lee, and Kim: Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance Rate of Medically Important Microorganisms between Japan and Korea
Original Article

Ann Clin Microbiol 2015;18(4):111-118.

Published online: 5 December 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.5145/ACM.2015.18.4.111

Comparison of Antibiotic Resistance Rate of Medically Important Microorganisms between Japan and Korea

Keigo Shibayama1, Hyukmin Lee2, Sunjoo Kim3

1Department of Bacteriology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Tokyo, Japan

2Department of Laboratory Medicine, Catholic Kwangdong University, Incheon, Korea

3Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, Gyeongsang Health Science Institute, Jinju, Korea

Correspondence: Sunjoo Kim, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Gyeongsang National University School of Medicine, 79 Gangnam-ro, Jinju 52727, Korea. (Tel) 82-55-750-8239, (Fax) 82-55-762-2696, (E-mail) sjkim8239@hanmail.net

Received 31 July 201529 October 2015       Accepted 2 November 2015

Copyright © 2015 The Korean Society of Clinical Microbiology

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

초록

Background

A surveillance system for antibiotic resistance is well organized in both Japan and Korea; however, a comparative analysis by microorganism has not previously been conducted.

Methods

We compared the latest antibiotic resistance rates of medically important pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus, enterococci, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Acinetobacter baumannii, between Japan and Korea. Data were collected by JANIS (Japan Nosocomial Infections Surveillance) and KARMS (Korean Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System) from 2007-2012.

Results

In 2012, the proportions of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus, vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus faecium (VRE), cefotaxime-resistant E. coli, ceftazidime-resistant K. pneumoniae, imipenem-resistant P. aeruginosa, and imipenem-resistant A. baumannii were 53%, 0.4%, 16.6%, 2.9%, 18.5%, and 2% in Japan and 67%, 32%, 29%, 40%, 28%, and 70% in Korea, respec-tively.

Conclusion

There were large differences in the fre-quencies of VRE, ceftazidime-resistant K. pneumoniae, and imipenem-resistant A. baumannii between Japan and Korea. A collaborative study to probe the differences in the antibiotic resistance rates between the two countries should be performed.

Keywords: Acinetobacter baumannii, Carbapenem, Resistance, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Vancomycin-resistant enterococci

REFERENCES

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Fig. 1.
(A) Oxacillin resistance rate of Staphylococcus aureus. (B) Vancomycin resistance rate of Enterococcus faecium.
acm-18-111f1.tif
Table 1.
Antibiotic resistance rate of Escherichia coli in Japan and Korea*
Antibiotics Years
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
J K J K J K J K J K J K
Ampicillin 43 67 45 67 44 69 46 70 48 69 49 70
Amikacin 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 2 0. .2 4 0.2 1
Levofloxacin 24 28 27 32 27 32 30 36 31 40 34 40
Cefotaxime 7 13 9 21 10 22 13 23 15 26 17 29
Ceftazidime 3 11 3 19 3 20 4 21 5 24 5 27
Aztreonam 5 9 6 20 6 21 7 22 9 25 9 27
Imipenem 0 0 0 0.1 0 ＜ ＜0.1 0 0.3 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.2

∗ In Korea, revised breakpoint for extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems were adopted since 2011.

Abbreviations: J, Japan; K, Korea.

Table 2.
Antibiotic resistance rate of Klebsiella pneumoniae in Japan and Korea*
Antibiotics Years
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
J K J K J K J K J K J K
Amikacin 0 18 0 20 0 20 0 15 0.3 11 0.2 11
Levofloxacin 2 16 2 26 2 32 2 27 3 28 2 30
Cefotaxime 3 33 5 36 4 44 5 37 5 38 5 41
Ceftazidime 3 36 3 39 3 47 3 37 3 39 3 40
Aztreonam 4 28 5 40 5 48 4 37 4 40 4 41
Imipenem 0 0.2 0 0.5 0.8 4 0 0.5 0.2 0.6 0.2 1

∗ In Korea, revised breakpoint for extended-spectrum cephalosporins and carbapenems were adopted since 2011.

Abbreviations: J, Japan; K, Korea.

Table 3.
Antibiotic resistance rate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa in Japan and Korea
Antibiotics Years
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
J K J K J K J K J K J K
Amikacin 4 21 4 26 3 25 3 22 3 16 3 15
Gentamicin 10 30 8 35 7 31 7 31 7 23 6 22
Levofloxacin 19 34 19 39 18 39 18 42 17 36 16 41
Piperacillin 11 30 12 38 11 39 12 36 12 32 12 31
Ceftazidime 12 21 12 28 12 28 12 26 11 22 11 23
Cefepime 11 21 11 30 10 27 10 27 10 20 9 22
Aztreonam 18 27 19 27 18 29 17 26 16 24 17 28
Imipenem 22 23 22 29 20 32 21 29 20 25 19 28
Meropenem 14 19 15 24 14 25 13 22 12 33 12 24

Abbreviations: J, Japan; K, Korea.

Table 4.
Antibiotic resistance rate of Acinetobacter baumannii in Japan and Korea
Antibiotics Years
2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
J K J K J K J K J K J K
Ampicillin-sulbactam 4 40 6 51 9 53 6 70 4 59 7 53
Amikacin 5 52 4 49 3 48 4 53 5 48 5 36
Gentamicin 11 58 10 64 11 69 10 78 10 68 10 66
Levofloxacin 7 NA 9 58 10 66 11 73 10 69 10 71
Piperacillin 9 62 11 58 14 68 16 80 13 73 13 73
Ceftazidime 7 57 8 63 9 72 10 78 10 70 11 69
Cefepime 10 55 10 58 11 71 12 76 10 70 11 69
Imipenem 2 27 2 45 2 52 2 72 2 67 2 70
Meropenem 2 40 2 52 2 57 2 53 3 NA 2 68

Abbreviations: J, Japan; K, Korea; NA, not available.

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