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Abstract
Purpose
This study was a meta-analysis of the effects of exercise intervention in preventing falls among persons with arthritis.
Methods
The review consisted of searches from Pubmed, Ovid-MEDLINE, CINAHL, EMBASE and Korean DBs using PICO-SD format. Key words for searching included ‘ arthritis’, ‘ exercise’, ‘ fall’ and the articles published until January 2017 were selected for this study. Methodological quality was assessed using Cochrane's Risk of Bias for randomized studies and Risk of Bias Assessment tool for non randomized studies. Data were ana-lyzed by the RevMan 5.3 program of Cochrane Library.
Results
Nineteen clinical trials met the inclusion criteria with a total of 832 participants. There were significant differences in Tai Chi exercise (ES=0.76), exercise interventions performed over 60 minutes at one time(ES=0.98), exercise interventions provided once a week(ES=0.69) or 2~3 times a week (ES=0.65), exercise interventions provided for a total of 12 weeks or less (ES=0.86). The out-come measures such as balance (ES=0.66), fall efficacy (ES=0.70), and fear of falling (ES=-0.70) showed the significant difference, and their effect sizes were ranged from moderate to large
Conclusion
The results of the study show that the exercise intervention is effective to prevent fall in persons with arthritis. It is necessary to include the comprehensive exercise interventions to enhance balance and fall efficacy and reduce fear of falling for the fall prevention program in persons with arthritis.
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Table 1.
Characteristics of Articles Analyzed in the Study
ABC=activities-specific balance; BBS=berg balance scale; BeHaS=be happy and strong exercise; Cont=control group; Exp=experimental group; FES=falls efficacy scale; FES-I=falls efficacy scale-international; FOFQ=fear of falling questionnaire; MCTSIB=modified clinical test of sensory interaction and balance; N/R=not reported; NRCT=non-randomized controlled trials; RCT=randomized controlled trials; Comm.=Community; Hosp.=Hospital; LE=Lower extremity; MS=Muscle strength; AE=Aquatic exercise; TUG=timed up-and-go test; SAFE=survey of activities and fear of falling in the elderly; 6MWT=6~minute walk test.
Appendix 2. Search Strategies
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