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Abstract
Purpose
The purpose of the study was to examine the impact of self-efficacy in the prevention of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), knowledge of and susceptibility to STD, and the role of gender in sexual autonomy.
Methods
Data were collected from 267 college students using self-report questionnaires during the period from the first to the twentieth of June 2015. Data were analyzed using x2 test, Fisher's exact test, t-test, Pearson correlation coefficients, simple and multiple regression techniques with the PASW/WIN 20.0 program. Mediation analysis was performed according to the Baron and Kenny method and Sobel test.
Results
In male students, self-efficacy for STD prevention showed a full mediating effect in the relationship between STD susceptibility and sexual autonomy (β=-.08, p=.370). But in female students, it had a partial mediating effect (β=-.25, p=.001). And self-efficacy for STD prevention showed partial mediating effects in the relationship between knowledge of STD and sexual autonomy in the both male (β=.25, p=.005) and female students (β=.33, p<.001).
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Figure 1.
Model showing the influence of knowledge about and susceptibility to STD on sexual autonomy, and the mediating effect of self-efficacy of STDs in male (a) and female students (b).
Table 1.
College Students’ Characteristics (N=267)
| Variables | Categories | Male (n=113) | Female (n=154) | x2 or t (p) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) or M±SD | n (%) or M±SD | |||
| Grade | Freshmen | 38 (33.6) | 55 (35.7) | 6.61 (.086) |
| Sophomore | 27 (23.9) | 54 (35.1) | ||
| Junior | 23 (20.4) | 25 (16.2) | ||
| Senior | 25 (22.1) | 20 (13.0) | ||
| Learning experience in safe sex | Yes | 50 (44.2) | 66 (42.9) | 0.05 (.901) |
| No | 63 (55.8) | 88 (57.1) | ||
| Learning experience in condom use | Yes | 40 (35.4) | 62 (40.3) | 0.65 (.446) |
| No | 73 (64.6) | 92 (59.7) | ||
| Had sexual intercourse† | Yes | 25 (22.1) | 7 (4.5) | 19.67 (＜.001) |
| No | 88 (77.9) | 146 (94.8) | ||
| Had a STD‡ | Yes | 2 (1.8) | 1 (0.6) | 0.74 (.576) |
| No | 111 (98.2) | 153 (99.4) | ||
| STD knowledge | 0.59±0.40 | 0.56±0.36 | 0.53 (.600) | |
| STD susceptibility | 2.20±0.81 | 2.77±0.87 | -5.42 (＜.001) | |
| Self-efficacy for STD prevention | 3.24±0.64 | 2.75±0.68 | 6.05 (＜.001) | |
| Sexual autonomy | 3.51±0.74 | 3.49±0.85 | 0.19 (.850) |
Table 2.
Correlational Relationships among Variables (N=267)
Table 3.
Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy for STD Prevention in the Relationship between STD Knowledge and Sexual Autonomy (N=267)
Table 4.
Mediating Effect of Self-efficacy for STD Prevention in the Relationship between STD Susceptibility and Sexual Autonomy by Gender (N=267)
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