Gender Differences in Delay Seeking Treatment and Related Experiences in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Mi-Suk Won; Nah-Mee Shin; Eunsook Kim

doi:10.7475/kjan.2016.28.4.459

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Won, Shin, and Kim: Gender Differences in Delay Seeking Treatment and Related Experiences in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Original Article

Korean Journal of Adult Nursing 2016; 28(4): 459-469.

Published online: 31 August 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.7475/kjan.2016.28.4.459

Gender Differences in Delay Seeking Treatment and Related Experiences in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction

Mi-Suk Won, MSN, RN¹, Nah-Mee Shin, Ph.D., APRN-ACNP, BC², Eunsook Kim, Ph.D., APN³

¹Head Nurse, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Ansan, Korea.

²Associate Professor, College of Nursing, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.

³Assistant Professor, Department of Nursing, CheongJu University, Cheongju, Korea.

Corresponding author: Shin, Nah-Mee. College of Nursing, Korea University, 145 Anam-ro, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3290-4924, Fax: +82-2-928-9108, nshin@korea.ac.kr

Received 12 June 2016 Revised 18 August 2016 Accepted 22 August 2016

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This comparative descriptive study was to identify gender differences in delay seeking treatment and related experiences in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

Methods

Ninety-seven participants were recruited from a tertiary hospital.

Results

Mean age of 47 women was 71.5±13.3 while that of men was 55.0±10.9 (p<.001). More women lived alone and were jobless, less educated, and poorer than men. Men were likely to be 'current smokers' and drink alcohol, however viewed themselves healthier than women (p=.030). Women's hospital stay was 9.23±21.04 days while men's was 4.86±2.72 days (p=.014). More women had been diagnosed with hypertension (p=.040). Women appeared to report significantly less pain (6.46±3.1) than men (8.44±1.8). More men described their pain as sudden onset (p=.015) and chest pain as major symptom (p=.034) than women. More women were found alone upon onset of symptoms (p=.023) and had important reasons for delay seeking treatment (p=.021) than men. Median time from onset of symptoms to seeking medical service was 1.5 hours for men and 5.1 hours for women (p=.003). Median time taken from onset of symptoms to hospital for therapy was 3.5 hours for men and 9.1 hours for women (p=.019).

Conclusion

This study findings that women reported less pain and delayed in seeking treatment, suggest needs for strategies targeting women at risk of AMI.

Keywords: Acute myocardial infarction, Symptoms, Gender, Women, Men

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Gender Comparison in General and Lifestyle related Characteristics (N=97)

Table 2

Gender Comparison in Disease related Characteristics (N=97)

hs-CRP=high sensitivity-C reactive protein; NSTEMI=non ST-elevation myocardial infarction.

Table 3

Gender Differences in Factors of Responses to Symptoms (N=97)

^†Analyzed by ANCOVA for age difference.

Table 4

Gender Differences in Delay Seeking Treatment (N=97)

PCI=percutaneous coronary intervention; STEMI=ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Notes

This manuscript is based on a part of the first author's master's thesis from Korea University.

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