Late Pyogenic Spondylitis after Vertebroplasty with PMMA-filled Adjacent Segments - A Case Report -

Eui-Sung Choi; Yong-Min Kim; Suri Chong

doi:10.4184/jkss.2016.23.2.108

Journal List > J Korean Soc Spine Surg > v.23(2) > 1076090

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Choi, Kim, and Chong: Late Pyogenic Spondylitis after Vertebroplasty with PMMA-filled Adjacent Segments - A Case Report -

Case Report

Journal of Korean Spine Surg 2016;23(2):108-113.

Published online: 30 June 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4184/jkss.2016.23.2.108

Late Pyogenic Spondylitis after Vertebroplasty with PMMA-filled Adjacent Segments - A Case Report -

Eui-Sung Choi, M.D., Yong-Min Kim, M.D., Suri Chong, M.D.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Korea

Corresponding author: Yong-min Kim, M.D. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chungbuk National University Hospital, 1Sunhwanro 776, Heungdukgu, Cheonju, Korea, TEL: +82-43-269-6077, FAX: +82-43-274-8719 E-mail: ymkim@chungbuk.ac.kr

Received 16 April 20141 July 2014 Accepted 30 December 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

To report a rare case of late pyogenic spondylitis around the cement mass in T12 that developed 4 years after vertebroplasty with L1-3 bodies already filled with cement due to previous vertebroplasty.

Summary of Literature Review

Pyogenic spondylitis after vertebroplasty is a rare complication, but very difficult to manage.

Materials and Methods

A 56-year old female visited us with pyogenic spondylitis around the T12 body. The bodies of L1-L3 had been filled with cement eight years previously, followed by another vertebroplasty for T12 four years previously in a local clinic. At first, conservative management with intravenous antibiotics was attempted for 8 weeks, without clinical improvement. Therefore, anterior surgery for T12 corpectomy, removal of the cement, and fusion was performed.

Result

The infection was cured and anterior fusion was achieved, and the patient was able to return to her previous activities.

Conclusions

Though previous vertebroplasty of the adjacent vertebral body seemed to be a major obstacle to achieving fusion, anterior surgical treatment was the ultimate solution to this complex problem.

Keywords: Late pyogenic spondylitis, Adjacent vertebroplasty, Surgical intervention

REFERENCES

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Fig. 1.

A gross photograph of the patient shows a kyphotic back and ery-thematous swelling on the left flank.

Fig. 2.

A simple X-ray shows cement-filled vertebral bodies from T12 to L3 (A) and acute kyphosis (B) at thoracolumbar junction due to collapse of the T12 body.

Fig. 3.

CT images reveal that most of the bone was dissolved and only the cement mass in the T12 body was remaining (A). The PMMA mass in the L1 body seemed to invade the upper end plate (B).

Fig. 4.

MRI images show a few cement masses floating in the T12 body surrounded by fluid collection (A-C).

Fig. 5.

Via an anterior approach, the T12 body was explored so that all the cement material was removed. A strut graft taken from the iliac crest and pieces of a rib that had been resected for the anterior approach were inserted into the empty T12 body space.

Fig. 6.

CT images at postoperative 6 months show ongoing fusion around the graft bones in both the coronal (A) and sagittal (B) plane.

Fig. 7.

Anteroposterior (A) and lateral (B) X-ray images reveal perfect fusion from T11 to L1 across the graft bones.

Table 1.

Reported cases of late infection after vertebroplasty

	Age/Sex	Level	Vertebroplasty to infection	Underlying disease	Treatment	Cultured microorganism	Antibiotics Duration
Lee⁶⁾	74/F	L2-3	3 Years	DM	Corpectomy AIF (iliac bone)	Us	Us Us
Shin⁷⁾	64/F	L1-3	15 months	Renal cell carcinoma	AIF (mesh), PI	E. faecalis	Us 6 weeks
Shin⁷⁾	78/F	L2-3	25 months	DM, HTN	AIF (iliac bone), PI	Staphylococcus aureus	Us 6 weeks
Vats¹⁰⁾	73/F	L1	6 months	DM	Conservative antibiotics	Streptococcus agalactiae	Ceftriaxone 6 weeks
Walker¹¹⁾	49/F	L3	8 months	Diskitis	AIF, PI	Staphylococcus aureus	Us Us
The Autho	rs 56/F	T12	4 years	None	Cement removal, AIF (iliac bone)	Staphylococcus aureus	Teicoplanin 6 weeks

^∗ AIF=anterior interbody fusion, PI=posterior instrumentation, DM=Diabetes mellitus, UTI=Urinary tract infection, RA = Rheumatoid arthritis, Us=unstated. E. faecalis=Enterococcus faecalis, HTN=hypertension.

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