Variations in Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression by Disc Location in Patients with Sequestrated Lumbar Disc Herniation

Young-Yul Kim; Dojoon Park; Kee-Won Rhyu

doi:10.4184/jkss.2015.22.4.160

Journal List > J Korean Soc Spine Surg > v.22(4) > 1076064

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Kim, Park, and Rhyu: Variations in Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression by Disc Location in Patients with Sequestrated Lumbar Disc Herniation

Original Article

Journal of Korean Spine Surg 2015;22(4):160-164.

Published online: 21 December 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4184/jkss.2015.22.4.160

Variations in Matrix Metalloproteinase Expression by Disc Location in Patients with Sequestrated Lumbar Disc Herniation

Young-Yul Kim, M.D., Dojoon Park, M.D., Kee-Won Rhyu, M.D.

Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital and Daejeon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea

Corresponding author: Kee-Won Rhyu, M.D. Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 93 Jungbu-daero, Paldal-gu, Suwon, Korea. 442-723 TEL: +82-31-249-7186, FAX: +82-31-254-7186 E-mail: kwrhyu@catholic.ac.kr

Received 19 October 201520 October 2015 Accepted 19 November 2015

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Study Design

In vivo study

Objectives

To evaluate variations in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) expression levels according to the disc location in patients with sequestrated lumbar disc herniation.

Summary of Literature Review

MMPs are considered to be the major catabolic enzymes in the intervertebral disc. MMPs have been known to be the primary mediators of extracellular matrix (ECM) degradation, to play major roles in disc degeneration by changing the collagens and the extracellular matrix, and to be involved in the processes of apoptosis and autoresorption of herniated disc materials by inducing inflammatory cytokines.

Materials and Methods

The sequestered and contained disc materials were removed from seven patients with sequestered lumbar disc herniations. The materials from the contained discs were classified into group 1 and those of the sequestered discs into group 2. Immunochemistry tests were conducted for the tissues of both groups. The expression levels of MMP-1, 3, and 13 were checked using a fluorescence microscope. The amount of expression of each MMP was calculated using the percentage of expressed cells and analyzed statistically.

Results

In the histological study, increased expression of MMP-1, 3, and 13 was found in group 2. In the statistical analysis after the quantification of MMP expression, the expression of all MMPs was found to have increased significantly in group 2 (p<0.05).

Conclusions

The increased expression of MMP-1, 3, and 13 indicated that the inflammation and degeneration processes, and the spontaneous resorption by the surrounding tissues were more active in the sequestered disc group than in the contained disc group.

Keywords: Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP), Lumbar, Herniated nucleus pulposus, Sequestered herniation

REFERENCES

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Figures and Tables%

Fig. 1.

Results of immunohistochemistry for specimens (100×). The bright areas indicate the increased fluorescence intensity for the expression of each MMP. The expression of MMP-1 (A), -3 (B), and -13 (C) in group 1 was observed. In group 2, the expression of MMP-1 (D), MMP-3 (E), and MMP-13 (F) was increased much more than that of group 1.

Fig. 2.

Variation in MMP expression in each group. Positive pixels indicate increased fluorescence intensity of more than 50%. The quantified expression of MMPs was calculated using the percentage of positive pixels with respect to the reference pixels.

Table 1.

The Qualified Expressions of MMPs were Calculated by the Percentages of Positive Pixels to the Reference Pixels

	Group 1		Group 2		P-values
	No. of positive pixels	% of positive pixels	No. of positive pixels	% of positive pixels	Paired t-test
MMP-1	118,934±30,951	29.11±7.98	209,502±76,289	51.28±18.67	0.002
MMP-3	54,174±18,761	13.26±4.59	103,834±28,686	25.41±7.02	0.020
MMP-13	29,994±11,575	7.34±2.83	83,231±35,184	20.37±8.61	0.006

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