Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics : General Concepts and Recent Advances

Dong-Gun Lee; Hyun-Ho Shin

doi:10.3947/ic.2008.40.3.140

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Lee and Shin: Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics : General Concepts and Recent Advances

Special Article

Infection and Chemotherapy

Infection and Chemotherapy 2008; 40(3): 140-147.

Published online: 20 June 2008

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3947/ic.2008.40.3.140

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibiotics : General Concepts and Recent Advances

Dong-Gun Lee, M.D., Ph.D.¹

, Hyun-Ho Shin, M.S.²

¹Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence: Dong-Gun Lee, M.D. Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, #62 Yoido-dong, Youngdungpogu, St. Mary's Hospital, Seoul, 150-713, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3779-1099, Fax: +82-2-780-3132, symonlee@catholic.ac.kr

Received 21 May 2008 Accepted 26 May 2008

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Pharmacokinetics (PK) of antibiotics can be considered as the absorption, distribution, and elimination of drug. Pharmacodynamics (PD) is the relationship between concentration of drug and the antimicrobial effect. Time course of antibiotic activity is a reflection of the interrelationship between PK and PD. Over the past decades, considerable data have been derived from in vitro, in vivo models and infected patients. The time course activity characteristics of concentration effect, and postantibiotic effects, determine the typical patterns of antibiotic activity according to the PD classification. Furthermore, the pattern of antibiotic activity over time is an important determinant of optimal dosage regimens. This review will focus on general concepts and the applications of PK/PD to antibiotic therapy.

Keywords: Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics, Antibiotics

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Schematic presentation of pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices in antibiotics: Cmax, peak concentration; Cmin, trough concentration; MIC, minimum inhibitory concentration; AUC, area under the curve; T>MIC, time above the MIC.

Fig. 2

Relationship between three pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic indices (peak/MIC, 24-hour AUC/MIC, percentage of time that serum levels exceed the MIC) and the number of Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 43816 in the lungs of neutropenic mice after 24-hour of therapy with ceftazidime.

Table 1

Classification of Antibiotics Based on Pharmacodynamics

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ORCID iDs: Dong-Gun Lee
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4655-0641
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