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Abstract
Objective
We evaluated the Korean mothers’ level of awareness of human milk bank (HMB) in order to find out the issues in establishing HMB in Korea. These mothers had infants younger than 18 months old to find out the issues that would help establishment of HMB in Korea.
Methods
The survey questionnaire was developed by a team composed by nurses, neonatologists, obstetricians, nutritionists, health care specialists and faculty members. The internet survey was performed by sending emails to mothers who are registered to M family members and have children younger than 18 months. In total, 864 questionnaire were gathered from 114,469 answers and the results were analyzed.
Results
Fifty two point eight percent of the respondents had awareness of HMB. 79.4% of subjects agreed with the necessity of HMB. On the basis of multivariate logistic regression analysis, we found that the numbers of children, awareness of HMB, the concern on the HMB in Korea, and the expected problems in establishing HMB in Korea were significant factors when evaluating the necessity of HMB in Korea. The common factors associated with positive thinking of potential users, donors and recipients were the awareness of HMB, and the experience of feeding own breast milk to other's babies.
Conclusion
More than half of Korean women were found to agree with the necessity of HMB in Korea, even though they had concern on infection controls and management of HMB and the purpose and function of HMB was not widely educated. The establishment of HMB in Korea would be effective with public education and considering their demands.
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Fig. 1
Concern scores diagram of 864 Korean mothers reconstructed by five main aspects. They are subgrouped by their responses whether they think human milk bank is necessary (A) and whether they will use human milk bank (B).
Table 1.
Questionnaires for the Breast Milk Feeding, Human Milk Donation, and Human Milk Bank (HMB)
Table 2.
Demographic Characteristics of Female Subjects
Table 3.
Comparison of the Variables between Females According to the Answers about Necessity of Breast Milk Bank in Korea
| Breast milk bank is necessary (n=686) | Breast milk bank is not necessary (n=178) | P-value∗ | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Living area | |||
| Urban | 438 (63.8) | 114 (64.0) | 0.359 |
| Rural | 248 (36.2) | 64 (36.0) | |
| Maternal age (yr) | 31.92±4.76 | 31.84±5.49 | 0.839‡ |
| Job | |||
| Yes | 298 (43.4) | 68 (38.2) | 0.208 |
| No | 388 (56.6) | 110 (61.8) | |
| Premature delivery | |||
| Yes | 42 (6.1) | 8 (4.5) | 0.407 |
| No | 644 (93.9) | 170 (95.5) | |
| Number of children | |||
| 1 | 536 (78.1) | 128 (71.9) | 0.144 |
| 2 | 128 (18.7) | 45 (25.3) | |
| ≥3 | 22 (3.2) | 5 (2.8) | |
| Delivery mode | |||
| Vaginal delivery | 434 (63.3) | 115 (64.6) | 0.740 |
| Cesarean section | 252 (36.7) | 63 (35.4) | |
| Birth weight of youngest child (g) | |||
| <2,500 | 38 (5.5) | 4 (2.2) | 0.044† |
| ≥2,500 | 646 (94.5) | 174 (97.8) | |
| First feeding type | |||
| Breast milk | 386 (56.3) | 92 (51.7) | 0.273 |
| Formula | 300 (43.7) | 86 (48.3) | |
| Allergic disease of infant | |||
| Yes | 58 (8.5) | 22 (12.4) | 0.109 |
| No | 628 (91.5) | 156 (87.6) | |
| Shortage of breast milk production | |||
| Yes | 417 (60.8) | 110 (61.8) | 0.805 |
| No | 269 (39.2) | 68 (38.2) | |
| Excessive breast milk production | |||
| Yes | 215 (31.3) | 55 (30.9) | 0.910 |
| No | 471 (68.8) | 123 (69.1) | |
| Awareness of Breast milk bank | |||
| Yes | 401 (58.8) | 53 (29.8) | <0.001 |
| No | 281 (41.2) | 125 (70.2) | |
| Experience of feeding other m other’s | |||
| milk to own babies | |||
| Yes | 33 (4.8) | 7 (3.9) | 0.619 |
| No | 653 (95.2) | 171 (96.1) | |
| Experience of feeding own milk to other’s | |||
| babies | |||
| Yes | 34 (5.0) | 7 (3.9) | 0.567 |
| No | 652 (95.0) | 171 (96.1) | |
| Intend to feed other mothers’milk to own | |||
| babies | |||
| Yes | 220 (32.1) | 9 (5.1) | <0.001 |
| No | 466 (67.9) | 169 (94.9) | |
| Intend to feed own mothers’ milk to | |||
| other's babies | |||
| Yes | 495 (72.2) | 35 (19.7) | <0.001 |
| No | 191 (27.8) | 143 (80.3) | |
| Intend to use human milk bank | |||
| Yes | 535 (78.0) | 151 (22.0) | <0.001 |
| No | 151 (22.0) | 121 (78.0) | |
| Important activities of human milk bank in Korea§ | 3.48±0.57 | 2.94±0.69 | <0.001‡ |
| Necessity of human milk bank in Korea§ | 3.26±0.58 | 3.33±0.67 | 0.149‡ |
| The concern on the human milk banking in Korea§ | 3.44±0.58 | 3.42±0.66 | 0.659‡ |
| Expected problems in the establishment of breast milk bank in Korea§ | 3.33±0.56 | 3.32±0.70 | 0.924‡ |
Table 4.
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis of Necessity Mean Scores of Human Milk Bank (HMB) and Related Concepts of Korean Mothers
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