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Song, Lee, Yoon, Park, Kim, Choi, Jeon, Kim, Chung, Song, and Won: Molecular MRI Images of the Transplanted Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Liver, Kidney, Bladder and Penile Cavernosum of Rats
Original Article
Korean Journal of Urology

Korean Journal of Urology 2006; 47(8): 882-887.

Published online: 31 August 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2006.47.8.882

Molecular MRI Images of the Transplanted Human Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Liver, Kidney, Bladder and Penile Cavernosum of Rats

Yun Seob Song1, 2, Kong Hee Lee1, Jong Hyeon Yoon1, Young Ho Park1, Jung Hoon Kim2, 3, Dong Ho Choi2, 4, Jin Suck Jeon2, 5, Sook Ja Kim2, Hee Jung Chung2, Eun Seop Song6, Jong Ho Won2, 5

1Department of Urology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

2Stem Cell Therapy Center, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

3Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

4Department of Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

5Department of Internal Medicine, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

6Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea.

Corresponding author (jhwon@hosp.sch.ac.kr)

Received 7 December 2005       Accepted 9 June 2006

Copyright © 2006 The Korean Urological Association

Abstract

Purpose

Molecular magnetic resonance (MR) imaging techniques using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanocrystals (SPIO) have been developed for noninvasively monitoring stem cells. This study was performed to investigate if the presence of transplanted human mesenchymal stem cells in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum can be evaluated noninvasively with using molecular MR imaging.

Materials and Methods

SPIO (Feridex; AMI, Cambridge, USA) were transferred to the human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) using Gene-PORTER. The labeling viability, efficiency and differentiation of the SPIO transferred hMSCs were examined with Tripan blue, Von Kossa, alkaline phosphatase, toluidine blue, oil red O and Prussian blue staining. The SPIO labelled hMSCs were transplanted to the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum of rats, and the MR images were examined in vitro or in vivo using 1.5 T MR.

Results

The viability and efficiency of the SPIO transferred hMSCs were good. Osteogenic, chondrogenic or adipogenic differentiation from the SPIO transferred hMSCs was observed. A decrease of the MR signal intensity of the SPIO transferred hMSCs with using GenePORTER was found in vitro. A decrease of the MR signal intensity was found at concentrations that were more than 1×105 hMSCs in vitro. The MR signal intensity at the areas of the SPIO transferred hMSCs decreased in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum. The intracellular SPIOs were confirmed in the SPIO labelled hMSCs that were transplanted in the liver, kidney, bladder and penile cavernosum with Prussian blue staining.

Conclusions

The SPIO labelled hMSCs in the liver, kidney, bladder and penis can be evaluated noninvasively by using molecular MRI.

Keywords: Molecular image, Magnetic resonance imaging, Stem cells

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the liver. (A) Liver before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the liver are diffusely distributed 1 day after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of the MR signal intensity.
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Fig. 2
MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the kidney. (A) Kidney before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the kidney are confined locally 1 day after SPIO labeled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity.
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Fig. 3
MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the bladder. (A) Bladder wall before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the bladder are confined locally 1 days after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. The arrow shows the decrease of the MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide, hMSCs: human mesenchymal stem cells. The arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity.
kju-47-882-g003
Fig. 4
MR image of the SPIO labelled hMSCs in the penis. (A) Bladder wall before SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. (B) The areas of decreased MR signal intensity in the penis are confined locally 1 day after SPIO labelled hMSCs transplantation. Arrow shows the decrease of MR signal intensity. (C) Prussian blue stain (×200). The arrow shows the presence of SPIO labelled hMSCs. MR: magnetic resonance, SPIO: superparamagnetic iron oxide.
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