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Kim, Park, and Baek: The Clinical Significance of the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Renal Cell Carcinoma
Original Article
Korean Journal of Urology

Korean Journal of Urology 2006; 47(4): 347-352.

Published online: 30 April 2006

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4111/kju.2006.47.4.347

The Clinical Significance of the Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-2 and Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 in Renal Cell Carcinoma

Ji Yoon Kim, Tong Choon Park, Suk Hwan Baek1

Department of Urology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.

Corresponding author (tcpark@med.yu.ac.kr)

Received 18 October 2005       Accepted 4 November 2005

Copyright © 2006 The Korean Urological Association

Abstract

Purpose

Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are endogenous peptidases that are capable of degrading various components of the basement membranes. To evaluate the clinical significance of the expressions of MMPs in renal cell carcinomas (RCCs), the MMPs' expression in RCCs and non-neoplastic kidney tissues was examined to evaluate the clinical significance of the expressions of MMPs in renal cell carcinomas (RCCs).

Materials and Methods

Twenty-two patients with RCCs (the RCC group), and eleven patients with non-neoplastic kidneys (the control group), were enrolled in this study between November 2002 and November 2003. The MMP-2 and MMP-9 activities were estimated using gelatin zymography, and they were quantified using a laser densitometer. The results were compared with the clinicopathological characteristics.

Results

The expression of MMP-9 was significantly elevated in the RCC group compared with the control group (p<0.01). There was no difference in MMP-2 activity between the RCC group and the control group (p>0.05). The levels of MMP-9 expression in the RCC patients with a large tumor (>4cm) or vascular invasion were significantly higher than that in the patients without these clinical manifestations (p<0.01). There were also significant differences in the expression of MMP-9 among the T stages (p<0.01).

Conclusions

The present study shows a close relationship between the expression of MMP-9 and the tumor size and tumor stage in RCC. MMP-9 may be used as a prognostic marker and for the development of a novel treatment modality for RCC.

Keywords: Matrix metalloproteinases, Renal cell carcinoma

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in the patients with RCC and the control group. The expression of MMP-9 is significantly elevated in the RCC group compared with the control group (p<0.01). There is no difference in MMP-2 activity between the RCC group and the control group (p>0.05). *: p<0.01 compared with the control values; Mann-Whitney test. Au: arbitrary units, MMP: matrix metalloproteinase, RCC: renal cell carcinoma.
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Fig. 2
Gelatin zymography for MMP-2 and MMP-9. The protein isolated from the homogenate are analyzed for the MMP-9 and MMP-2 expression by gelain zymography. The standard shows bright bands of MMP-9 (active) and MMP-2 (pro-and active). Normal kidney tissues (N1 and N2) show faint reaction bands for pro-MMP-9. Tumor samples of RCC (T1-T5) show apparent gelatinolytic activity of pro-MMP-9. Notice a strong expression of pro-MMP-9 in the T stage III with renal vein thrombosis (T1 and T4). Standard: conditioned media from the HT1080 culture, MMP: matrix metalloproteinase, RCC: renal cell carcinoma.
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Table 1
Characteristics of the patients with RCC and the control group
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RCC: renal cell carcinoma, *Age: mean age

Table 2
Correlation between the clinicopathologic factors and the expression of MMP-9
kju-47-347-i002

Values are mean±SD. *Student's t-test, †ANOVA test, all values are in arbitrary units, MMP: matrix metalloproteinase

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