PURPOSE: To establish an experimental model of arteriovenous fistula in pigs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ten fistulas were created in eight pigs, and angiography was performed 3 to 5 days after surgery. A follow-up angiogram of three fistulas was obtained 2 to 12 weeks later. In one animal, pathologic examination showed occlusion 8 weeks after a successful operation. RESULTS: Eight angiograms of nine fistulas in seven pigs were obtained; one animal died due to cardiac failure. In six pigs, high-flow fistulas were shown to be present, and in two, the fistulas were slow flow; a pseudoaneurysm was seen in one. A follow-up angiogram obtained in three cases showed occlusion of the fistula. Pathologic examination of one animal showed fibrosis in the occluded portion of the fistula. CONCLUSION: An arteriovenous fistula model was surgically established in 80% of cases; during follow-up, three fistulas were seen to be occluded due to fibrosis. This model can therefore be used within one week of surgery.