Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis is a well recognized, but uncommon, complication of chronic ambulatoryperitoneal dialysis, I report a case of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis in which percutaneous catheterdrainage was performed preoperatively. Ultrasonography(US) and computed tomography(CT) showed a largemulti-septated cystic mass which occupied nearly all the peritoneal cavity. Percutaneous drainage with two 8.5French catheters was preoperatively performed under fluoroscopy and about 2100ml of bloody fluid was drained for20 days. On follow-up CT, the size of the cyst had significantly decreased and an operation was performed. It isconsidered that percutaneous catheter drainage is useful in the preoperative decompression of sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis.