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Lee, Choi, Park, Oh, Shin, Kim, and Uchino: A Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Associated with VIPoma
Case Report
Journal of Korean Society of Endocrinology

Journal of Korean Society of Endocrinology 2005; 20(1): 64-70.

Published online: 20 February 2005

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3803/jkes.2005.20.1.64

A Case of Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Associated with VIPoma

Si Won Lee, Young Sik Choi, Yo Han Park, Kyung Seung Oh1, Jung Woo Shin2, Il-Jin Kim3, Shinya Uchino4

Department of Internal Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Pusan, Korea.

1Department of Radiology, Kosin University College of Medicine, Pusan, Korea.

2Department of Nuclear Medicine, Kosin University College of Medicine, Pusan, Korea.

3Korean Hereditary Tumor Registry, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

4Noguchi Thyroid Clinic & Hospital Foundation, Beppu, Japan.

Received 23 July 2004       Accepted 11 October 2004

Copyright © 2005 Korean Endocrine Society

Abstract

Multiple endocrine neoplasia I (MEN I) is a genetic disorder that consists of neoplasia of neuroendocrine type in the parathyroid glands, in the islets of Langerhans in the pancreas, and in the anterior pituitary gland. Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common feature and occurs in approximately 95% of MEN I patients. Pancreatic islet cell tumors occur in 40% of MEN I patients. Most of these tumors produce excessive amounts of hormones, such as gastrin, insulin, glucagon and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP). VIP-producing pancreatic tumors (VIPoma) associated with MEN I are rare and so far only one has been reported in Korea.
Recently, we came across a case of MEN I, associated VIPoma presented persistent hypercalcemia after a parathyroidectomy. A 70 year old man had suffered from large amount of watery diarrhea, severe general weakness and paralysis of lower limbs for 3 months which suggests symptoms of hypercalcemia. Before the patient visited our hospital, he underwent subtotal parathyroidectomy due to hyperparathyroidism. Even though he was operation, there was no subsidization of the symptoms and abnormal findings of blood chemistry such as hypercalcemia, hypocalemia were remained unchanged. However, the parathyroid hormone level was still within normal limits. Abdominal computerized tomography scan demonstrated a mass of 2.5 cm diameter in tail of the pancreas. As serum level of VIP hormone was also elevated, distal pancreatectomy was carried out to performed.
There was improvement in the symptoms towards the normal condition and the level of biochemical parameters such as serum potassium, calcium and VIP, were also within the normal limits. In a direct sequence analysis, GAC → CAT (Asp → His) point mutation, at codon 383 of exon 9 of the MEN I gene was identified in both the patient and his son.
The authors report a rare case of VIPoma associated with MEN I with review of literature on MEN I.

Keywords: VIPoma, Multiple endocrine neoplasia I, Hypercalcemia, Germline mutation

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
201Tl-99mTc subtraction images show enlargement of the lower part of the right parathyroid gland
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Fig. 2
Computerized tomography scan of the abdomen shows about 2.5 cm sized well defined mass lesion in the pancreatic tail portion
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Fig. 3
Gross finding of the distal pancreatectomy. External surface shows partly encapsulated tumor mass by thin fibrous tissue
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Fig. 4
The immunohistochemical staining for vasoactive intestinal polypeptide shows red-brown cytoplasmic positive reactions on some tumor cells (×200)
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Fig. 5
DNA sequencing. GAC→ CAT (Asp→His) mutation at codon 383 of exon 9
jkse-20-64-g005

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