Journal List > J Korean Diabetes Assoc > v.31(5) > 1062468

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Moon, Lee, Moon, Moon, Lee, Chun, Yoon, Cho, Won, and Lee: Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetics Who are Positive for GAD Autoantibody
Original Articles
The Journal of Korean Diabetes Association

The Journal of Korean Diabetes Association 2007; 31(5): 429-434.

Published online: 30 September 2007

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/jkda.2007.31.5.429

Prevalence of Diabetic Retinopathy in Diabetics Who are Positive for GAD Autoantibody

Seon Joong Moon, Chan Hee Lee, Jun Sung Moon, Hee Jung Moon, Ji Eun Lee, Kyung Ah Chun1, Ji Sung Yoon, Ihn Ho Cho1, Kyu Chang Won, Hyoung Woo Lee

Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Korea.

1Department of Nuclear Medicine, College of Medicine, Yeungnam University, Korea.

Received 1 June 2007       Accepted 21 August 2007

Copyright © 2007 Korean Diabetes Association

Abstract

Background

Diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of adult blindness. Some patients show early development and progression of diabetic retinopathy despite of apparently good glycemic control. This is suggesting the involvement of other contributing factors. Recent studies have shown that retinopathy and GAD autoantibody (GADA) show an inverse relationship immunologically. This study is designed to investigate the clinical manifestation of diabetes who are positive for GADA and the relationship between GADA and diabetic retinopathy.

Methods

Type 1 diabetic patients & LADA patients who had visited Yeungnam university Medical Center from 1988 to 2005 were involved. We reviewed the pathologic and laboratory records of these patients and investigated the development of diabetic microvascular complications.

Results

Compared with patients who had GADA negative diabetes, patients with GADA positive diabetes had lower prevalence of diabetic retinopathy (GADA negative subject: 25.8% vs. GADA positive subject: 9.6%, P < 0.05).

Conclusion

We confirmed that diabetic retinopathy and GADA showed an inverse relationship. It seems quite probable that GADA may contribute to the prevention of retinopathy. Further research should be needed concerning the effect of GADA on diabetic retinopathy.

Keywords: Diabetic retinopathy, GAD autoantibody, Late autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA), Type 1 diabetes

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1
Prevalence of diabetic retinopathy according to GADA. The prevalence of diabetic retinopathy is significantly lower in GADA positive patients group compared with GADA negative patients group.
jkda-31-429-g001
Table 1
Clinical characteristics of subjects
jkda-31-429-i001

M, male; F, female; BP, blood pressure; BMI, body mass index; FBS, fasting blood sugar; 2PP, 2hours post prandial; GADA, GAD autoantibody. †P < 0.05.

Table 2
Relationship between GADA and diabetic nephropathy & neuropathy
jkda-31-429-i002

Number in parentheses are percentage. GADA, GAD autoantibody.

Table 3
Relationship between GADA and hypertension
jkda-31-429-i003

Number in parentheses are percentage. GADA, GAD autoantibody.

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