Endobronchial chondroma is a cartilaginous benign tumor,which arises from the bronchial cartilage. As a rare benign tumor, endobronchial chondroma differs from cartilaginous hamartoma in that it includes cartilage components only,but hamartoma contains lipomatous and lymphoid tissue.The clinical manifestations of endobronchial chondroma are associated with the extent of mechanical obstruction of bronchus.Symptoms of endobronchial chondroma are nonspecific,such as cough, sputum, fever, or dyspnea on exertion.Endobronchial chondroma is often misdiagnosed as other diseases,such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease,or pulmonary tuberculosis. The treatment is usually surgical procedures,such as resection of lung segment or lobe by thoracostomy or resection of tumor by bronchoscopy.We report a case of the patient who was diagnosed to have endobronchial chondroma treated by bronchial resection and end to end anastomosis.