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Lee, Kim, and Rhee: Anti-tumor Activity of Saussurea laniceps against Pancreas Adenocarcinoma
Original Article

Natural Product Sciences 2017;23(4):281-285.

Published online: 20 January 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2017.23.4.281

Anti-tumor Activity of Saussurea laniceps against Pancreas Adenocarcinoma

Keyong Ho Lee1, Byeong-Soo Kim2, ∗, Ki-Hyeong Rhee2, ∗

1Keyong Ho Lee, Across, Chuncheon, 24398, Korea

2College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea

∗Author for correspondence Byeong-Soo Kim, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea. Tel: +82-41-330-1524; E-mail: bskim@kongju.ac.kr

Ki-Hyeong Rhee, College of Industrial Sciences, Kongju National University, Yesan 32439, Korea. Tel: +82-41-330-1626; E-mail: howard@kongju.ac.kr

Received 8 September 2017       Revised 28 September 2017       Accepted 28 September 2017

Copyright © 2017 The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to confirm the anti-tumor activity of an ethanol extract of Saussurea laniceps against pancreatic tumor and to isolate the active compound from S. laniceps extract. Treatment with S. laniceps extract and hispidulin inhibited proliferation of pancreatic cell lines, such as Capan-1, Capan-2, Panc-1 and S2–013 in a dose-dependent manner using the hollow fiber assay. Hispidulin showed typical hallmarks of apoptotic cell death a significant anti-tumor activity on Capan-2 cells at a dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg. S. laniceps has potential cytotoxic and apoptotic effects on human pancreatic carcinoma cells. Its mechanism of action might be associated with the apoptotic cell death through DNA fragmentation.

Keywords: Saussurea laniceps, Pancreatic carcinoma, Hispidulin, Hollow fiber assay

References

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Fig. 1.
Structure of hispidulin.
nps-23-281f1.tif
Fig. 2.
Extirpated hollow fibers from animals.
nps-23-281f2.tif
Fig. 3.
Effect of Hispidulin on DNA fragmentation of Capan-2 cells. (A) Ladder marker; (B) Control; (C) 2 µg/mL of Hispidulin; (D) 10 µg/mL of Hispidulin; (E) 2 µg/mL of Gemicitabine.
nps-23-281f3.tif
Table 1.
Anti-tumor activity of the extract and chromatographic fractions isolated from S. laniceps using CCK-8 assay
Sample Dose (µg/mL) Capan-1 Capan-2 Panc-1 S2–013
  10 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0
SLE 100 27 ± 3∗ 31 ± 4∗b 21 ± 5 14 ± 5
  500 42 ± 4∗ 43 ± 5∗ 39 ± 5∗ 28 ± 4∗
Fraction A 10 55 ± 1 56 ± 2 10 ± 3 54 ± 1
Fraction B 10 12 ± 5 55 ± 3 10 ± 3 19 ± 6
Fraction C 10 54 ± 1 53 ± 1 53 ± 1 55 ± 1
Fraction D 10 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0
Fraction E 10 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0
Fraction F 10 21 ± 7 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0
Fraction G 10 18 ± 5 20 ± 8 30 ± 8 20 ± 7
Fraction H 10 47 ± 3∗ 59 ± 5∗ 40 ± 4∗ 32 ± 3∗
Fraction I 10 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0
Fraction J 10 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0 50 ± 0
Hispidulin 10 24 ± 3∗ 52 ± 7∗ 24 ± 8 39 ± 7∗

SLE: S. laniceps ethanol extract, Values are expressed Mean ± SD, (n = 6),

∗ p < 0.05 compared to the control group. One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.

Table 2.
Anti-pancreatic effect of Hispidulin and Fraction H isolated from S. laniceps against pancreatic tumor cell lines
Sample Dose (µg/kg) Capan-1 Capan-2 Panc-1 S2–013
  20 50 ± 0 54 ± 1 54 ± 2 55 ± 2
Fraction H 200 14 ± 6 22 ± 5∗a 19 ± 6 20 ± 5
  500 35 ± 4∗ 55 ± 5∗ 30 ± 4a 20 ± 7
  50 55 ± 2 17 ± 6 14 ± 5 20 ± 8
Hispidulin 100 17 ± 6 44 ± 3∗ 31 ± 3∗ 29 ± 3∗a
  200 52 ± 5∗ 73 ± 4∗ 40 ± 5∗ 45 ± 7∗

Anti-pancreatic effect of 200 mg/kg of Gemicitabine as positive control was 57 ± 5%, 87 ± 8%, 23 ± 7% and 40 ± 9% against Capan-1, Capan-2, Panc-1 and S2–013, respectively. Values are expressed Mean ± SD, (n = 6),

∗ p < 0.05 compared to the control group. One way ANOVA followed by Tukey's Multiple Comparison Test.

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