Comparative Effects of Dietary Quercetin and Rutin in Rats Fed with the Lieber-DeCarli Ethanol Diet

Su-Jeong Seo; Cheol-Ho Park; In-Young Ko; Yeon-Ho Jeong; Yong-Soon Choi

doi:10.20307/nps.2017.23.3.222

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Seo, Park, Ko, Jeong, and Choi: Comparative Effects of Dietary Quercetin and Rutin in Rats Fed with the Lieber-DeCarli Ethanol Diet

Original Article

Natural Product Sciences 2017;23(3):222-226.

Published online: 20 January 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2017.23.3.222

Comparative Effects of Dietary Quercetin and Rutin in Rats Fed with the Lieber-DeCarli Ethanol Diet

Su-Jeong Seo¹, Cheol-Ho Park¹, In-Young Ko¹, Yeon-Ho Jeong¹, Yong-Soon Choi^1,^2,^∗

¹Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Medical Biosciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

²Institute of Medical Bioscience, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea

∗Author for correspondence Yong-Soon Choi, Division of Biomedical Convergence, College of Medical Biosciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea. Tel: +82-33-250-6482; E-mail: yschoi@kangwon.ac.kr

Received 25 May 2017 Revised 26 July 2017 Accepted 7 August 2017

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Flavonoids including quercetin and rutin are a group of naturally occurring compounds widely distributed in plants, especially in buckwheat. Thus, cereal and the leaf of the plant have increasingly used as a source of nutritional and functional foods such as noodle, cake or soup in Korea, Japan and other countries. This study investigated comparative effects of dietary rutin rich in buckwheat and its aglycone, quercetin, on serum biomarkers and antioxidant parameters in rats treated with chronic ethanol. Rats were fed with the liquid diets prepared by the method of Lieber Decarli. Serum alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) activities increased significantly by alcohol feeding. Dietary flavonoids including rutin, quercetin and their mixtures (1/1, v/v) decreased significantly the activities of serum ALT whereas the feeding of quercetin decreased only the activity of serum AST. The concentration of serum malondialdehydes elevated by chronic alcohol feeding decreased markedly in all the experimental groups that were fed with the flavonoids; however, the combined administration of quercetin or rutin, but not that of rutin or quercetin alone decreased significantly the concentration of liver malondialdehydes to the normal range in rats fed without ethanol. Our results suggested that dietary combined mixture of rutin and quercetin might be effective in ameliorating adverse responses seen in rats exposed to ethanol chronically.

Keywords: Ethanol, Liver, Quercetin, Rutin, Rats

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Fig. 1.

The activities of serum ALT in rats treated with ethanol. ^a,b Values in a bar without superscript letters denote significant difference (p < 0.05).

Fig. 2.

The activities of serum AST in rats treated with ethanol. ^a,b,c Values in a bar without superscript letters denote significant difference (p < 0.05).

Table 1.

Diet composition (g/L)

	Normal	Experimental
	Normal	Control	Quercetin	Rutin	Q+R
Casein	41.4	41.4	41.4	41.4	41.4
L-Cystine	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5	0.5
DL-Methionine	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3	0.3
Corn oil	8	8	8	8	8
Olive oil	15	15	15	15	15
Dextrin-maltose	153	64	64	64	64
Fiber(cellulose)	10	10	10	10	10
Xanthan gum	3	3	3	3	3
Choline bitartrate	0.53	0.53	0.53	0.53	0.53
Vitamin mix¹	2.55	2.55	2.55	2.55	2.55
Mineral mix²	9	9	9	9	9
Ethanol³	0	48	48	48	48
Rutin	0	0	9	0	4.5
Quercetin	0	0	0	5	2.5

¹ AIN-76 vitamin mix,

² AIN-76 Mineral mix,

³ Ethanol 95%.

Table 2.

Body weight and growth parameters

Parameters	Normal	Experimental
Parameters	Normal	Control	Quercetin	Rutin	Q+R
Initial body weight (g)	188 ± 5^a	199 ± 4 ^a	187 ± 3 ^a	188 ± 3 ^a	188 ± 3 ^a
Weight gain (g)	244 ± 12 ^b	125 ± 9 ^a	133 ± 14^a	136 ± 11^a	132 ± 17 ^a
Food intake (ml/days)	110 ± 3 ^b	78.1 ± 1.7 ^a	85.2 ± 3.5 ^a	85.8 ± 2.7 ^a	87.4 ± 3.2 ^a
FER	0.054 ± 0.001 ^b	0.039 ± 0.002^a	0.038 ± 0.003^a	0.038 ± 0.002 ^a	0.036 ± 0.003 ^a
Relative liver weight (g/100g BW)	2.73 ± 0.08 ^a	2.92 ± 0.05 ^ab	3.0 ± 0.1 ^bc	3.24 ± 0.06 ^c	3.16 ± 0.10 ^c

Mean ± S.E. of 6 rats.

^a,b,c Values in a same line without superscript letters denote significant difference (p<0.05).

FER: feed efficiency ratio.

Table 3.

The concentration of serum lipids

	Normal	Experimental
	Normal	Control	Quercetin	Rutin	Q+R
TC (mg/dL)	52.2 ± 2.6^a	69.5 ± 4.8^b	63.0 ± 3.8^b	50.8 ± 1.9^a	64.3 ± 3.5^b
HDL-C (mg/dL)	33.2 ± 1.3^ab	39.6 ± 3.3^b	32.3 ± 2.1^ab	27.8 ± 2.1 ^a	28.5 ± 1.8^a
HDL-C/TC (%)	63.9 ± 2.5^c	55.5 ± 2.5^b	54.7 ± 3.4^b	51.3 ± 0.9^ab	45.0 ± 3.6^a
TG (mg/dL)	100 ± 20 ^a	76.9 ± 10.1 ^a	84.7 ± 8.1 ^a	79.8 ± 6.9 ^a	73.3 ± 6.0 ^a
NEFA (mEq/L)	1188 ± 45 ^a	1265 ± 127 ^a	1072 ± 171 ^a	1192 ± 124 ^a	894 ± 146 ^a

Mean ± S.E. of 6 rats.

^a,b,c Values in a same line without superscript letters denote significant difference (p < 0.05).

TC: total cholesterol, HDL-C: high density lipoprotein-cholesterol, TG: triacylglycerol, NEFA: non-esterified fatty acid.

Table 4.

The concentration of hepatic lipids

	Normal	Experimental
	Normal	Control	Quercetin	Rutin	Q+R
Cholesterol (mg/g)	55.7 ± 0.5^a	11.0 ± 1.9^b	59.0 ± 1.3^ab	59.1 ± 1.5^ab	59.7 ± 2.2^ab
Triacylglycerol (mg/g)	60.4 ± 7.2^a	66.8 ± 8.1^a	57.7 ± 10.8^a	54.6 ± 10.3^a	52.1 ± 10.9^a

Mean ± S.E. of 6 rats.

^a,b Values in a same line without superscript letters denote significant difference (p < 0.05).

Table 5.

The concentration of liver and serum malondialdehydes (MDA).

	Normal	Experimental
	Normal	Control	Quercetin	Rutin	Q+R
Serum (nmol/ml)	15.7 ± 7.8^ab	33.0 ± 7.7^b	12.5 ± 4.3^a	13.7 ± 5.7^a	16.7 ± 4.3^ab
Liver (nmol/ mg protein)	58.3 ± 0.4^ab	11.9 ± 1.3^abc	13.7 ± 3.0^bc	14.4 ± 2.9^c	57.6 ± 0.9^a

Mean ± S.E. of 6 rats.

^a,b,c Values in a same line without superscript letters denote significant difference (p < 0.05).

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