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Lee, Rodriguez, Kim, Lee, Cho, and Lee: Fatty Acid Content in Perilla Cultivars and Commercial Oils Determined by GC Analysis
Original Article

Natural Product Sciences 2016;22(4):259-262.

Published online: 20 January 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2016.22.4.259

Fatty Acid Content in Perilla Cultivars and Commercial Oils Determined by GC Analysis

Jaemin Lee1, Joyce P. Rodriguez1, Yu Jung Kim2, Myung Hee Lee3, Eun Ju Cho4, Sanghyun Lee1, ∗

1Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea

2BET Research Institute, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea

3Department of Functional Crops, Southern Area Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Miryang 50424, Republic of Korea

4Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, Republic of Korea

∗Author for correspondence Sanghyun Lee, Department of Integrative Plant Science, Chung-Ang University, Anseong 17546, Republic of Korea Tel: +82-31-670-4688; E-mail: slee@cau.ac.kr

Received 14 April 2016       Revised 25 June 2016       Accepted 10 August 2016

Copyright © 2016 The Korean Society of Pharmacognosy

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

The content analysis of fatty acids in Perilla cultivars and commercial oils is conducted through gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. Results show that Perilla cultivars, such as Deulsaem and Daesil, contain high amounts of α-linolenic acid (262.22 and 261.97 mg/g, respectively). Among commercial oils, Perilla oil contains a higher amount of α-linolenic acid (515.20 mg/g). Accordingly, α-linolenic acid is a major fatty acid of Perilla cultivars and oil. Therefore, Perilla cultivars could be used as a food supplement for nutritional and pharmaceutical purposes.

Keywords: Perilla frutescens var. japonica, α-Linolenic acid, Fatty acid, Gas chromatography

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Fig. 1.
ALA structure.
nps-22-259f1.tif
Fig. 2.
GC chromatograms of Daesil (A) and Perilla oil (B).
nps-22-259f2.tif
Table 1.
GC conditions for the ALA analysis
Instrument GC model: Agilent 7890A (Agilent, CA, USA) Detector: FID (280 oC, H2 35 mL/min; air 350 mL/min; He 35 mL/min)
Column DB-Wax (Agilent, 30 mm × 0.25 mm × 0.25 μm)
Injector temperature 250 °C
Column temperature 50 C (1 min) → 200 °C (5 min) → 230 oC (20 min)
Split ratio 1:20
Separator temperature 250 °C
Ion source temperature 200 °C
Table 2.
FA contents from Perilla cultivars
Sample FA (mg/g)
α-Linolenic acid Linoleic acid Oleic acid Stearic acid Palmitic acid Total
Dami 188.07 ± 6.97 35.97 ± 2.41 51.83 ± 2.18 8.77 ± 0.38 22.44 ± 0.91 308.08 ± 12.85
Danjo 237.77 ± 5.16 64.99 ± 1.42 70.14 ± 1.80 12.06 ± 0.32 29.29 ± .68 415.25 ± 9.38
Deulsaem 262.22 ± 0.44 75.88 ± 1.50 72.22 ± 0.59 10.89 ± 0.15 28.49 ± 0.23 449.75 ± 2.91
Daesil 261.97 ± 3.70 76.69 ± 0.96 69.17 ± 0.67 10.09 ± 0.12 33.26 ± 0.20 451.18 ± 5.65
Anyu 242.38 ± 3.07 56.70 ± 1.88 69.99 ± 1.10 9.01 ± 0.09 28.11 ± 0.82 362.19 ± 6.96
Yujin 248.54 ± 4.26 62.71 ± 1.41 69.89 ± 1.41 8.81 ± 0.13 29.87 ± 0.57 419.82 ± 7.78
Dayu 249.06 ± 15.26 56.57 ± 3.29 57.94 ± 3.70 11.01 ± 0.69 29.29 ± 0.68 403.87 ± 23.62
Yupseol 244.51 ± 8.77 55.56 ± 1.65 54.12 ± 2.05 11.50 ± 0.40 30.76 ± 1.04 396.45 ± 3.91
Hyangim 208.84 ± 6.86 48.70 ± 1.59 53.28 ± 1.89 8.33 ± 0.31 24.30 ± 0.85 343.45 ± 11.5
Hwahong 189.08 ± 14.13 34.48 ± 2.28 42.99 ± 2.99 5.85 ± 0.39 21.29 ± 1.46 293.69 ± 21.25
Table 3.
FA contents from commercial oils
Sample FA (mg/g)
α-Linolenic acid Linoleic acid Oleic acid Stearic acid Palmitic acid Total
Nut oil 33.19 ± 0.62 276.31 ± 5.40 456.32 ± 7.74 31.21 ± 0.53 78.10 ± 1.36 875.14 ± 15.65
Perilla oil 515.20 ± 1.92 141.16 ± 0.76 147.05 ± 1.34 23.08 ± 0.35 52.12 ± 0.45 878.61 ± 4.81
Soybean oil 55.27 ± 0.15 480.78 ± 1.45 205.03 ± 0.77 40.84 ± 0.21 102.48 ± 0.47 884.40 ± 3.06
Corn oil 8.45 ± 0.12 474.88 ± 3.09 294.09 ± 1.14 19.08 ± 0.12 105.93 ± 0.46 902.42 ± 4.93
Olive oil 5.03 ± 0.15 563.24 ± 0.69 693.67 ± 7.24 30.80 ± 0.36 127.45 ± 1.50 920.19 ± 9.94
Cooking oil 56.32 ± 1.72 260.31 ± 8.29 439.08 ± 14.75 22.19 ± 0.84 55.57 ± 2.05 833.47 ± 27.66
Canola oil 61.61 ± 1.70 165.86 ± 4.16 563.37 ± 13.94 17.76 ± 0.39 38.51 ± 0.95 847.11 ± 21.14
Grape seed oil 2.57 ± 0.07 592.96 ± 13.43 176.83 ± 2.45 38.98 ± 0.91 67.23 ± 1.14 878.57 ± 18.00
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