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Abstract
Pentacyclic triterpenes, mainly, asiatic acid, madecassic acid, asiaticoside, and madecassoside are the active constituents of Centella asiatica. A pentacyclic triterpene enriched C. asiatica extract (PRE) was prepared and standardized to contain a total pentacyclic triterpenes not less than 65% w/w. This work was focused on determination of antiinflammatory, antioxidant, and tyrosinase inhibitory activities of PRE and its stability. The PRE exhibited a satisfactory nitric oxide inhibitory effect, with an IC50 value of 64.6 µg/mL. In addition, the PRE inhibited tyrosinase enzyme activity with an IC50 value of 104.8 µg/mL. In contrast, the PRE possessed only weak antioxidant activity. The PRE was stable over a period of four months when stored as a dried powder but only in a well-closed container protected from light at 4oC. An aqueous alcoholic solution of the PRE was stable at pH values of 5.8 and 7.0, but was not stable at a pH of 8.2. Preparations of the PRE in an aqueous solution should be performed in acidic or neutral conditions.
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Fig. 1.
HPLC chromatogram of the standardized PRE. Madecassoside (1); asiaticoside (2); madecassic acid (3); asiatic acid (4).
Table 1.
Biological activities of the PRE and four pure pentacyclic triterpenes from C. asiatica
| Samples | IC50 µg/mL (µM) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NO inhibition | DPPH | Lipid peroxidation | Tyrosinase inhibition | |
| PRE | 64.6 | 348.3 | n.a.# | 104.8 |
| Asiatic acid | 12.4 (25.4) | n.a.∗ | n.a.# | n.a.# |
| Madecassic acid | n.a.+ | n.a.∗ | n.a.# | n.a.# |
| Asiaticoside | n.a.+ | n.a.∗ | n.a.# | n.a.# |
| madecassoside | n.a.+ | n.a.∗ | n.a.# | n.a.# |
| Aspirin | 12.9 (71.7) | − | − | − |
| CAPE | 1.6 (5.6) | − | − | − |
| BHT | − | 60.9 (276.3) | − | − |
| Qurcetin | − | 1.7 (5.6) | 1.7 (5.6) | − |
| Kojic acid | − | − | − | 5.0 (35.2) |
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