Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Compounds from Arecae Pericarpium with Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidative, and Melanogenesis Inhibition Activities

Amelia Indriana; Kyoung Jin Lee; Yeong Shik Kim

doi:10.20307/nps.2016.22.3.193

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Indriana, Lee, and Kim: Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Compounds from Arecae Pericarpium with Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidative, and Melanogenesis Inhibition Activities

Original Article

Natural Product Sciences 2016;22(3):193-200.

Published online: 17 January 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2016.22.3.193

Bioassay-Guided Isolation and Identification of Compounds from Arecae Pericarpium with Anti-inflammatory, Anti-oxidative, and Melanogenesis Inhibition Activities

Amelia Indriana, Kyoung Jin Lee, Yeong Shik Kim^∗

College of Pharmacy and Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea

^∗Author for correspondence Yeong Shik Kim, College of Pharmacy and Natural Products Research Institute, Seoul National University, Gwanak-ro 1, Gwanak-gu, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea. Tel: +82-2-880-2479; E-mail: kims@snu.ac.kr

Received 25 February 2016 Revised 3 March 2016 Accepted 6 March 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

This study describes the anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, and melanogenesis inhibition activities of methanol extract and various organic solvent fractions of Arecae Pericarpium. We examined the inhibition of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) production in RAW 264.7 cells, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazine (DPPH) scavenging activity, mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity and melanin contents. The study showed that, among all tested fractions, methylene chloride fraction showed the strongest inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells (IC₅₀ value 8.89µg/mL) and DPPH radical scavenging activity (EC₅₀ value 21.39µg/ mL). Methylene chloride and ethyl acetate fractions similarly inhibited mushroom tyrosinase activity. Methanol extract exhibited strongest reduction of melanin content in B16F10 melanoma cells. Based on the bioactivity assay results, methylene chloride and ethyl acetate fractions were further separated. Eight phenolic compounds were isolated, which are dimeric syringol (1), catechol (2), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (3), vanillin (4), 4-hydroxya-cetophenone (5), apocynin (6), protocatechuic acid (7) and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (8). Among the isolated compounds tested, catechol showed the strongest inhibition of LPS-induced NO production in RAW 264.7 cells. Catechol also showed the concentration-dependent NF-κ B inhibition activity. Arecae Pericarpium might have potentials to be developed as anti-inflammatory agent or dermatological product for skin-whitening agent.

Keywords: Arecae Pericarpium, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidative, Melanogensis Inhibition, Bioassay-guided isolation

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Fig. 1.

Effect of Arecae Pericarpium fractions on (A) LPS-induced NO production and (B) Cell viability in RAW 264.7 cells.

Fig. 2.

DPPH scavenging activity of Arecae Pericarpium fractions.

Fig. 3.

Mushroom tyrosinase inhibition activity of Arecae Pericarpium fractions.

Fig. 4.

Effect of Arecae Pericarpium extract and fractions on (A) Extracellular melanin content (B) Intracellular melanin content (C) Cell viability in B1F10 melanoma cells.