Cytotoxic, Anti-Inflammatory and Adipogenic Effects of Inophyllum D, Calanone, Isocordato-oblongic acid, and Morelloflavone on Cell Lines

Muhammad Taher; Amnani Aminuddin; Deny Susanti; Nurul Iman Aminudin; Shamsul On; Farediah Ahmad; Hanisuhana Hamidon

doi:10.20307/nps.2016.22.2.122

Journal List > Nat Prod Sci > v.22(2) > 1060605

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Taher, Aminuddin, Susanti, Aminudin, On, Ahmad, and Hamidon: Cytotoxic, Anti-Inflammatory and Adipogenic Effects of Inophyllum D, Calanone, Isocordato-oblongic acid, and Morelloflavone on Cell Lines

Original Article

Natural Product Sciences 2016;22(2):122-128.

Published online: 17 December 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.20307/nps.2016.22.2.122

Cytotoxic, Anti-Inflammatory and Adipogenic Effects of Inophyllum D, Calanone, Isocordato-oblongic acid, and Morelloflavone on Cell Lines

Muhammad Taher^1,^∗, Amnani Aminuddin², Deny Susanti³, Nurul Iman Aminudin⁴, Shamsul On⁴, Farediah Ahmad⁴, Hanisuhana Hamidon¹

¹Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Pahang, Malaysia

²Department of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Pahang, Malaysia

³Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, International Islamic University Malaysia, Jalan Sultan Ahmad Shah, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Pahang, Malaysia

⁴ Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, 81310 Johor, Malaysia

^∗Author for correspondence Muhammad Taher, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, International Islamic University Malaysia, Bandar Indera Mahkota, 25200 Kuantan, Pahang, Malaysia Tel: +60-95704807; E-mail: mtaher@iium.edu.my

Received 23 November 2015 Revised 21 January 2016 Accepted 24 January 2016

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

This paper reports in vitro cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and adipocyte diffentiation with adipogenic effects of coumarins inophyllum D (1) and calanone (2), and a chromanone carboxylic acid namely isocordato-oblongic acid (3) isolated from Calophyllum symingtonianum as well as a biflavonoid morelloflavone (4) isolated from Garcinia prainiana on MCF-7 breast adenocarcinoma RAW 264.7 macrophages and 3T3-L1 preadipocytes cells, respectively. The cytotoxicity study on MCF-7 cell was conducted by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Meanwhile, the study of anti-inflammatory effects in RAW 264.7 macrophages and adipogenic effects on 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were conducted through nitrite determination assay and induction of adipocyte differentiation, respectively. In the cytotoxicity study, inophyllum D (1) was the only compounds that exhibited significant cytotoxic effect against MCF-7 cell with IC₅₀ of 84 µg/mL. Further, all by inhibiting the compounds have shown anti-inflammatory effects in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages of nitrite concentration with production. In addition, the compounds also exhibited adipogenic effects on 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes by stimulating lipid formation. Thus, this study may provide significant input in discovery of the potential effects cytotoxic, anti-inflammatory and adipogenic agents.

Keywords: Cytotoxic, Anti-inflammatory, Adipogenic

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Fig. 1.

Structure of tested compounds.

Fig. 2.

Cytotoxic effects of selected flavonoids on MCF-7 cells by MTT assay. Results are presented as mean ± SD of triplicate of three experiments. (A) Calanone (B) Morelloflavone (C) Isocordato-oblongic acid (D) Inophyllum D.

Fig. 3.

Cytotoxic effects of selected flavonoids on RAW 264.7 cells by MTT assay. Results are presented as mean ± SD of triplicate of three experiments.

Fig. 4.

Anti-inflammatory effects of selected flavonoids on RAW 264.7 cells by nitrite determination test. The data shown were nitrite concentration against experimental groups for (A) Calanone (B) Morelloflavone (C) Isocordato-oblongic Acid (D) Inophyllum D. Results are presented as mean ± SD of triplicate from one independent experiment.

Fig. 5.

Cytotoxic effects of selected flavonoids on 3T3 L1 pre-adipocyte. Results are presented as mean ± SD of triplicates of two repeated experiments.

Fig. 6.

Effects of selected flavonoids on 3T3-L1 differentiation. All values were presented as mean ± SD indicating a measure of the dispersion of a set of data from its means from one independent experiment with three replications.

Fig. 7.

Adipogenic effect of inophyllum D (A), calanone (B), morelloflavone (C) and isocordato-oblogic acid (D) at 25 µ g/mL on 3T3-L1 adipocyte. The cells were stained with Oil red O at 10 days after induction (400× magnification). Arrows indicated the presence of lipid droplet.

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