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Cho and Choi: Pediatric Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitude towards Management of Children's Postoperative Pain
Original Article

Perspectives in Nursing Science 2015;12(2):71-81.

Published online: 19 October 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.16952/pns.2015.12.2.71

Pediatric Nurses’ Knowledge and Attitude towards Management of Children's Postoperative Pain

Eun Young Cho1, Hye Ran Choi2,

1Physician Assistant, Asan Medical Center Children's Hospital, Seoul

2Clinical Assistant Professor, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, Korea

Corresponding author: Choi, Hye Ran Department of Clinical Nursing, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 05505, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3010-5334, Fax: +82-2-3010-5332, E-mail: reniechoi@hanmail.net

Received 23 September 2015       Revised 2 October 2015       Accepted 2 October 2015

Copyright © 2015 The Research Institute of Nursing Science, Seoul National University

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose:

This study aimed to describe pediatric nurses’ knowledge and attitude towards management of children's postoperative pain. Methods: In this cross-sectional descriptive study, the participants were 220 pediatric nurses who worked at a general hospital in Seoul. The survey questionnaires used to assess the nurses’ knowledge and attitude regarding children's postoperative pain were developed for this study. Results: The average score for knowledge was 67.7 out of 100. The mean score for attitude was 72.5 out of 100. The factor related to the knowledge level was education for pain management. Moreover, age, working department, position, working experience, education level, and number of children were associated with the attitude. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggested the need for a systematic education program for pain management of children in the postoperative condition.

Keywords: Children, Postoperative pain, Knowledge, Attitude, Pediatric nurses

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Table 1.
General Characteristics of Subjects (N=220)
Characteristics Categories n (%) M±SD
Age (year) ＜26 76 (34.5) 29.52±6.12
26~30 68 (30.9)  
31~35 40 (18.2)  
36~40 20 (9.1)  
＞40 16 (7.3)  
Department NICU 69 (31.4)  
PICU 52 (23.6)  
Surgery unit 28 (12.7)  
Medical unit 45 (20.5)  
Oncology unit 26 (11.8)  
Position Unit manager 7 (3.2)  
Charge nurse 15 (6.8)  
Staff nurse 188 (85.5)  
APN 10 (4.5)  
Years of nursing experience (year) ≤1 46 (20.9) 6.44±6.11
1~≤5 74 (33.6)  
5~≤10 45 (20.5)  
＞10 55 (25.0)  
Years of pediatric nursing experience (year) ≤1 47 (21.4) 5.62±5.25
1~≤5 83 (37.7)  
5~≤10 47 (21.4)  
＞10 73 (19.5)  
Education level Diploma 9 (4.1)  
Bachelor 157 (71.4)  
≥Master 54 (24.5)  
Religion Christian 75 (34.1)  
Buddhist 24 (10.9)  
Catholic 40 (18.2)  
Other or none 81 (36.8)  
Marital status Other 152 (69.1)  
Married 68 (30.9)  
Children Yes 55 (25.0)  
1 23 (41.8)  
≥2 32 (58.2)  
No 165 (75.0)  
Experience of pain education Yes 155 (70.5)  
  Regular curriculum 24 (15.5)  
  Continuing education 131 (84.5)  
No 65 (29.5)  
Needs of pain education Yes 217 (98.6)  
No 3 (1.4)  

NICU=Neonatal intensive care unit; PICU=Pediatric intensive care unit; APN=Advanced nurse practitioner.

Table 2.
Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge towards Management of Children's Postoperative Pain (N=220)
Variables M±SD Correctly n (%)
General knowledge 17.25±2.62 75.0
Knowledge of analgesics 11.82±2.18 59.1
Total score 29.10±3.64 67.7
Table 3.
Comparison of Pediatric Nurses' Knowledge according to General Characteristics (N=220)
Characteristics Categories General knowledge of postoperative pain Knowledge of analgesics
M±SD t or F (p) Tukey M±SD t or F (p) Tukey
Age (year) ＜26a 17.76±2.47 1.63 11.41±2.00 3.61
26~30b 16.78±2.65 (.168) 11.90±2.19 (.007)
31~35c 17.08±2.79   11.63±2.49 d＞a, b, c
36~40d 16.80±2.55   13.40±1.60  
＞40e 17.75±2.67   12.00±1.97  
Department NICUa 17.59±2.32 1.80 11.90±2.09 5.90
PICUb 17.21±2.76 (.129) 11.31±2.00 (＜.001)
Surgery unitc 16.86±2.75   11.39±2.08 e＞a, b, c, d
Medical unitd 16.56±2.86   11.56±1.96  
Oncologye 18.00±2.39   13.58±2.44  
Position Unit managera 17.86±2.48 0.72 13.86±2.04 13.94
Charge nurseb 17.93±1.91 (.540) 12.47±2.39 (.030)
Staff nursec 17.14±2.67   11.67±2.13 a＞c
APNd 17.80±2.82   12.30±2.11  
Years of nursing experience (year) ≤1 17.63±2.31 1.31 11.43±2.04 1.47
1~≤5 17.28±2.86 (.271) 11.77±2.14 (.224)
5~≤10 16.60±2.30   11.71±2.40  
＞10 17.40±2.75   12.31±2.11  
Years of pediatric nursing experience (year) ≤1 17.66±2.30 2.14 11.47±2.03 1.71
1~≤5 17.18±2.86 (.096) 11.69±2.18 (.167)
5~≤10 16.51±2.54   11.85±2.46  
＞10 17.72±2.46   12.44±1.92  
Education level Diploma 17.11±2.89 0.09 12.22±1.64 2.99
Bachelor 17.21±2.60 (.917) 11.60±2.14 (.052)
≥Master 17.37±2.70   12.41±2.28  
Religion Christian 17.33±2.69 0.27 12.00±2.29 2.12
Buddhist 17.04±2.55 (.850) 12.33±1.99 (.099)
Catholic 16.98±2.59   11.10±2.29  
Other or none 17.36±2.64   11.86±2.01  
Marital status Other 17.30±2.58 0.59 11.78±2.19 -0.18
Married 17.07±2.71 (.558) 11.84±2.09 (.857)
Children Yes 17.02±2.80 -0.74 11.95±2.16 0.48
No 17.32±2.57 (.459) 11.78±2.18 (.630)
Number of children 1 16.39±2.11 -1.42 11.26±2.12 -2.05
≥2 17.47±3.16 (.161) 12.44±2.10 (.046)
Experience of pain education Yes 17.47±2.51 1.98 11.94±2.16 1.26
No 16.71±2.83 (.049) 11.54±2.21 (.210)
Type of pain education Regular 17.25±3.02 -0.40 11.88±2.63 -0.14
Continuing 17.51±2.41 (.692) 11.95±2.07 (.890)
Needs of pain education Yes 17.26±2.60 0.61 11.82±2.18 -0.41
No 16.33±4.62 (.545) 12.33±2.08 (.683)

NICU=Neonatal intensive care unit; PICU=Pediatric intensive care unit; APN=Advanced nurse practitioner.

Table 4.
Comparison of Pediatric Nurses' Attitude according to General Characteristics (N=220)
Characteristics Categories Nurses' attitude of postoperative pain
M±SD t or F (p) Tukey
Age (year) ＜26a 89.38±5.27 2.72 (.030)
26~30b 89.13±5.42  
31~35c 89.65±6.20  
36~40d 92.90±8.36  
＞40e 93.00±7.91  
Department NICUa 89.74±5.71 3.35 (.011)
PICUb 90.19±6.36 e＞a, c, d
Surgery unitc 88.68±4.46  
Medical unitd 88.60±6.10  
Oncologye 93.62±7.16  
Position Unit managera 92.86±3.24 3.63 (.014)
Charge nurseb 93.60±9.83 b＞c
Staff nursec 89.39±2.57  
APNd 92.70±8.17  
Years of nursing experience (year) ≤1a 90.02±5.90 4.27 (.006)
1~≤5b 88.19±3.99 d＞b
5~≤10c 90.22±6.40  
＞10d 91.98±7.72  
Years of pediatric nursing experience (year) ≤1a 90.23±6.02 4.07 (.008)
1~≤5b 88.31±3.90 d＞b
5~≤10c 90.53±7.40  
＞10d 92.09±7.47  
Education level Diplomaa 87.67±4.50 6.60 (.002)
Bachelorb 89.20±5.26 c＞b
≥Masterc 92.44±7.84  
Religion Christian 90.76±6.44 0.71 (.546)
Buddhist 89.83±6.66  
Catholic 89.50±4.56  
Other or none 89.42±6.35  
Marital status Other 89.44±5.59 -1.66 (.098)
Married 90.91±7.06  
Children Yes 91.31±7.22 1.93 (.055)
No 89.48±5.66  
Number of children 1 88.39±4.72 -2.93 (.003)
≥2 93.41±8.00  
Experience of pain education Yes 90.07±6.35 0.50 (.616)
No 89.62±5.57  
Type of pain education Regular 91.13±6.46 0.88 (.378)
Continuing 89.88±6.34  
Needs of pain education Yes 90.02±6.10 1.70 (.091)
No 84.00±6.25  

NICU=Neonatal intensive care unit; PICU=Pediatric intensive care unit; APN=Advanced nurse practitioner.

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