Prostatic Disease Associated with Trichomonas vaginalis

Jae-Sook Ryu

doi:10.14777/kjutii.2014.9.2.61

Journal List > Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm > v.9(2) > 1059952

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Ryu: Prostatic Disease Associated with Trichomonas vaginalis

Review

Korean J Urogenit Tract Infect Inflamm 2014;9(2):61-67.

Published online: 17 October 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.14777/kjutii.2014.9.2.61

Prostatic Disease Associated with Trichomonas vaginalis

Jae-Sook Ryu

Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea

Correspondence to: Jae-Sook Ryu Department of Environmental Biology and Medical Parasitology, Hanyang University College of Medicine, 222, Wangsimni-ro, Seongdong-gu, Seoul 133-791, Korea Tel: +82-2-2220-0683, Fax: +82-2-2281-6519 E-mail: jsryu@hanyang.ac.kr

Received 5 September 201430 September 2014 Accepted 3 October 2014

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Trichomonas vaginalis is an extracellular protozoan parasite that binds to the epithelium of the human urogenital tract during infection, and causes contact-dependent cytotoxicity. Neutrophils, macrophages and mast cells known to be involved in innate immunity produced proinflammatory cytokines by stimulation with T. vaginalis. Crosstalk between vaginal epithelial cells (VEC) infected with T. vaginalis and mast cells showed increased inflammatory response compared with that by VECs only. In addition, we confirmed that T. vaginalis caused prostatitis in rat by injection via urethra, and prostate epithelial and stromal cells reacted with trichomonads produced cytokines, including interleukin-1β, CXCL8, and CCL2, resulting in increased migration of neutrophils and monocytes. In further study, we will investigate the role of crosstalk between prostate cells infected with T. vaginalis and inflammatory cells on prostatic cell proliferation or prostatic cancerous change. However, it has not yet been determined whether prostate cancer is associated with T. vaginalis infection. In order to determine their association, a serologic test showing high sensitivity and specificity is necessary. In addition, a molecular diagnostic test with improved sensitivity should be developed for early detection and treatment of trichomoniasis.

Keywords: Trichomonas vaginalis, Prostate, Inflammation, Cytokines, Diagnosis

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