The Inflammation Markers According to the Presence of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Sook Young Kim; Won Yu Kang; Jun Ho Shin; Bo Ram Youn; Il Hyung Jung; Dong In Nam; Chung Kang; Hong Ju An; Sang Seon Lee; Ho Yeong Song; Hoon Kang; Sang Cheol Cho; Sun Ho Hwang; Wan Kim

doi:10.12997/jla.2013.2.2.61

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Kim, Kang, Shin, Youn, Jung, Nam, Kang, An, Lee, Song, Kang, Cho, Hwang, and Kim: The Inflammation Markers According to the Presence of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Original Article

Journal of Lipid and Atherosclerosis 2013; 2(2): 61-67.

Published online: 31 December 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12997/jla.2013.2.2.61

The Inflammation Markers According to the Presence of Coronary Artery Disease in Patients with Peripheral Artery Disease

Sook Young Kim¹, Won Yu Kang¹, Jun Ho Shin², Bo Ram Youn¹, Il Hyung Jung¹, Dong In Nam¹, Chung Kang¹, Hong Ju An¹, Sang Seon Lee¹, Ho Yeong Song¹, Hoon Kang¹, Sang Cheol Cho¹, Sun Ho Hwang¹, Wan Kim¹

¹Heart Center of Gwangju Veterans Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.

²Department of Preventive Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Won Yu Kang, Department of Internal Medicine, Gwangju Veterans Hospital, 887-1 Sanwol-dong, Gwangsan-gu, Gwangju, 506-705, Korea. Tel: +82-62-602-6288, Fax: +82-62-602-6931, gpkwy@naver.com

Received 13 June 2013 Revised 22 August 2013 Accepted 22 September 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objective

Prevalence of coronary artery disease (CAD) has been reported to be high in patients with atherosclerotic peripheral artery disease (PAD) in lower extremities. Various inflammatory markers have been known to be associated with CAD. The aim of study was to explore the role of inflammatory makers for CAD in patients with PAD.

Methods

A total of 346 PAD patients (71.51±9.41 years, 337 males) who underwent percutaneous transluminal angioplasty from June 2006 to April 2012 were included in this study. Patients were divided into the Group I (PAD with CAD: n=151, 149 males) and the Group II (PAD without CAD: n=195, 188 males).

Results

Among 346 patients, 149 patients had CAD (43.6%). The prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) (p=0.023) and smoking (p=0.010) were significantly higher in the group I when compared withthe group II. The level of high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) increased (p<0.001) significantly in the group I compared with the group II. By multiple logistic regression analysis, smoking (odds ratio [OR]=1.991, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.162-3.411; p=0.012), DM (OR=1.922, 95% CI: 1.145-3.228; p=0.015), hs-CRP (≥3.0 mg/dL) (OR=2.595, 95% CI: 1.548-4.350, p<0.001), and age (OR=0.645; 95% CI, 0.454-0.915; p=0.014) were independent predictors for the development of CAD in PAD patients.

Conclusion

43.6% of patients with PAD also had CAD, and the predictors of CAD were smoking, DM, and high level of hs-CRP.

Keywords: Coronary artery disease, Peripheral arterial disease, Diabetes mellitus, Inflammation, Smoking

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Baseline clinical characteristics

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

BMI; Body mass index, LVEF; left ventricular ejection fraction

Table 2

Comparison of inflammation markers of coronary artery disease

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

WBC; white blood cell, hs-CRP; high sensitivity C-reactive protein, ESR; erythrocyte sedimentation rate

Table 3

Comparison of biochemical markers of coronary artery disease

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

LDL; low-density lipoprotein, HDL; high-density lipoprotein, NT-pro BNP; N-terminal pro-brain type natriuretic peptide, HbA1C; hemoglobin A1C

Table 4

Coronary angiographic characteristics of the patient group

Values are presented as number (%).

LM; left main, LAD; left anterior descending coronary artery, RCA; right coronary artery, LCX; left circumflex coronary artery, ACC/AHA; American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association, TIMI; Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction

Table 5

Multivariate logistic regression for predictive factors of coronary artery disease

OR; odds ratio, CI; confidence interval, hs-CRP; high sensitivity C-reactive protein, DM; diabetes mellitus

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