Journal List > Allergy Asthma Respir Dis > v.3(5) > 1059129

Ryu and Lee: The association between maternal depression and childhood allergic diseases: an analysis of the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (2010-2012)

Abstract

Purpose

Asthma and atopic dermatitis are common chronic diseases and depression is an important comorbidity in allergic diseases. However, the association between maternal depression and child allergic diseases is little known. This study was performed to find out the association between maternal depression and child allergic diseases.

Methods

Data were acquired from 2,737 families who participated in the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, which was conducted from 2010 through 2012.

Results

The prevalence of childhood asthma was 5.3% and that of childhood atopic dermatitis was 14.1%. The prevalence of maternal depression was 3.9%. In univariate analysis, maternal depressions was associated with maternal smoking, lower education level, lower economic state, lower number of household members, maternal asthma, children's asthma (P<0.05), but marital status, maternal employment status, maternal atopic dermatitis, children's sex, children's age, children's atopic dermatitis, residence area were not related to maternal depression. After adjustment, maternal depression was associated with lower house income, maternal asthma, and children's asthma (P<0.05).

Conclusion

The present study shows that maternal depression may be associated with childhood asthma, but not childhood atopic dermatitis. These results warrant future studies to explore the mechanisms responsible for the association between maternal depression and childhood asthma.

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Baseline characteristics of mothers (n=2,737)

aard-3-352-i001
Characteristic No. (%)
Marital status
 Single 106 (3.9)
Employment status
 Employed 1,318 (48.2)
Education
 <Middle school 62 (2.3)
 Middle school 101 (3.7)
 High school 1,272 (46.5)
 > High school 1,302 (47.6)
Smoking
 None 2,404 (87.8)
 Current 131 (4.8)
 Ex-smoke 202 (7.4)
Asthma
 Yes 57 (2.1)
Atopic dermatitis
 Yes 57 (2.1)
Depression
 Yes 108 (3.9)
Hypertension
 Yes 99 (3.6)
Diabetes mellitus
 Yes 43 (1.6)
Table 2

Baseline characteristics of children (n=4,693)

aard-3-352-i002
Characteristic No. (%)
Children factors (n = 4,693)
 Sex
  Male 2,484 (52.9)
  Female 2,209 (47.1)
 Age (yr)
  ≤1 300 (6.4)
  2-6 1,333 (28.4)
  7-12 1,708 (36.4)
  13-18 1,352 (28.8)
 Asthma
  Yes 247 (5.3)
 Atopic dermatitis
  Yes 661 (14.1)
Family factors (n = 2,737)
 Monthly family income (quartile)
  1 158 (5.8)
  2 764 (27.9)
  3 981 (35.8)
  4 834 (30.5)
 No. of household members
  2 44 (1.6)
  3 656 (24.0)
  4 1,410 (51.5)
  ≥5 627 (22.9)
 Residence area
  Urban 2,380 (87.0)
  Rural 357 (13.0)
Table 3

Demographic characteristics of maternal depression according to maternal factors (n=2,737)

aard-3-352-i003
Characteristic Maternal depression, n (%) P-value
Yes No
Marital status 0.07
 One parent 27 (5.3) 478 (94.7)
 Two parents 81 (3.6) 2,151 (96.4)
Employment status 0.12
 Employed 44 (3.3) 1,274 (96.7)
 Unemployed 64 (4.5) 1,355 (95.5)
Education 0.04
 < Middle school 6 (9.7) 56 (90.3)
 Middle school 6 (5.9) 95 (94.1)
 High school 54 (4.2) 1,218 (95.8)
 > High school 42 (3.2) 1,260 (96.8)
Smoking < 0.01
 None 79 (3.3) 2,325 (96.7)
 Current 10 (7.6) 121 (92.4)
 Ex-smoke 19 (9.4) 183 (90.6)
Asthma < 0.01
 Yes 7 (12.3) 50 (87.7)
 No 101 (3.8) 2,579 (96.2)
Atopic dermatitis 0.07
 Yes 5 (8.8) 52 (91.2)
 No 103 (3.8) 2,577 (96.2)
Hypertension 0.80
 Yes 4 (4.0) 95 (96.0)
 No 104 (3.9) 2,534 (96.1)
Diabetes mellitus 0.24
 Yes 3 (7.0) 40 (93.0)
 No 105 (3.9) 2,589 (96.1)
Table 4

Demographic characteristics of maternal depression according to children factors (n=4,693)

aard-3-352-i004
Characteristic Maternal depression, n (%) P-value
Yes No
Children factors (n = 4,693)
 Sex 0.69
  Male 59 (3.8) 1,488 (96.2)
  Female 49 (4.1) 1,141 (95.9)
 Age (yr) 0.33
  ≤ 1 7 (2.4) 286 (97.6)
  2-6 34 (3.6) 910 (96.4)
  7-12 41 (4.6) 842 (95.4)
  13-18 26 (4.2) 591 (95.8)
 Asthma <0.01
  Yes 17 (7.9) 199 (92.1)
  No 91 (3.6) 2,430 (96.4)
 Atopic dermatitis 0.72
  Yes 24 (4,2) 546 (95.8)
  No 84 (3.9) 2,083 (96.1)
Family factors (n = 2,737)
 Monthly family income (quartile) <0.01
  1 18 (11.4) 140 (88.6)
  2 26 (3.4) 738 (96.6)
  3 35 (3.6) 946 (96.4)
  4 29 (3.5) 805 (96.5)
 No. of household members
  2 5 (11.4) 39 (88.6)
  3 34 (5.2) 622 (94.8)
  4 44 (3.1) 1,366 (96.9)
  ≥5 25 (4.0) 602 (96.0)
 Residence area 0.37
  Urban 97 (4.1) 2,283 (95.9)
  Rural 11 (3.1) 346 (96.9)
Table 5

Adjusted OR and their 95% CI for the prevalence of maternal depression

aard-3-352-i005
Characteristic Adjusted* OR 95% CI P-value
Maternal smoking
 None Reference
 Current 1.965 0.957-4.035 0.07
 Ex-smoke 2.836 1.655-4.860 < 0.01
Maternal education
 < Middle school 1.454 0.528-4.002 0.469
 Middle School 1.428 0.559-3.646 0.457
 High School 1.235 0.807-1.890 0.331
 > High School Reference
No. of household members
 2 2.162 0.759-6.152 0.149
 3 1.361 0.791-2.343 0.266
 4 0.821 0.494-1.363 0.446
 ≥5 Reference
Monthly family income (quartile)
 1 2.686 1.368-5.277 < 0.01
 2 0.872 0.500-1.520 0.628
 3 1.023 0.615-1.703 0.930
 4 Reference
Maternal asthma
 Yes 2.910 1.247-6.789 0.01
Children asthma
 Yes 2.240 1.273-3.943

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Ju Suk Lee
https://orcid.org/http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5600-3441

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