Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung function among Korean adults

Young Wook Kim; Dong Soo Ryu; Ju Suk Lee

doi:10.4168/aard.2015.3.1.35

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Kim, Ryu, and Lee: Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung function among Korean adults

Original Article

Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease 2015; 3(1): 35-39.

Published online: 31 January 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2015.3.1.35

Relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D and lung function among Korean adults

Young Wook Kim¹, Dong Soo Ryu², Ju Suk Lee³

¹Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.

²Department of Urology, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.

³Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon, Korea.

Correspondence to: Ju Suk Lee. Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 158 Paryong-ro, Masanhoewon-gu, Changwon 630-723, Korea. Tel: +82-55-290-6045, Fax: +82-55-290-6044, ljs8952194@lycos.co.kr

Received 26 June 2014 Revised 5 October 2014 Accepted 18 October 2014

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Purpose

The relationship between vitamin D status and pulmonary function has been investigated in several studies. But previous study results are controversial. We want to know the relationship between vitamin D status and pulmonary function in Korean adults in small regional area.

Methods

The medical records of 3,253 subjects were reviewed retrospectively, those visited for routine health examination in Samsung Changwon Hospital between January and December 2013. All of them were workers in one company and lived in one island ('Geojedo').

Results

Vitamin D deficiency group (serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D]<20 ng/mL) showed lowed % forced vital capacity in one second (%FEV₁; P<0.01), forced vital capacity (FVC; P<0.01) and higher FEV₁/FVC (P<0.01). Serum 25(OH)D was positively correlated with %FEV₁ (R=0.035, P<0.05), %FVC (R=0.081, P<0.01), FVC (R=0.125, P<0.01) and negatively with FEV₁/FVC (R=-0.083, P<0.01). After adjustment for smoking history, we found serum 25(OH)D level was positively correlated with %FVC (R=0.058, P<0.01), FVC (R=0.093, P<0.01) and negatively with FEV₁/FVC (R=-0.055, P<0.01). After adjustment for smoking and asthma history, we found serum 25(OH)D level was positive correlated with %FVC (R=0.103, P<0.01) and negatively with FEV₁/FVC (R=-0.119, P<0.01).

Conclusion

Serum 25(OH)D level was associated with pulmonary function.

Keywords: Vitamin D, Respiratory function tests, Forced expiratory volume

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of vitamin D deficiency subjects

Variable	25(OH)D (ng/mL)		P-value
Variable	< 20 (n = 2,212)	≥ 20 (n = 1,041)	P-value
Sex			< 0.01
Male	1,828 (82.7)	968 (93.0)
Female	384 (17.3)	73 (7.0)
Age (yr)			< 0.01
< 30	672 (30.4)	273 (26.2)
30-39	1,066 (48.2)	471 (45.2)
40-49	354 (16.0)	196 (18.8)
≥ 50	120 (5.4)	101 (9.7)
Body mass index (kg/m²)			< 0.01
< 23	869 (39.3)	339 (32.6)
23-25	582 (26.3)	300 (28.8)
≥ 25	761 (34.4)	402 (38.6)
Smoking			< 0.01
Never	1,174 (53.1)	415 (39.9)
Ex-smoker	420 (19.0)	240 (23.1)
Current	618 (27.9)	386 (37.1)
Season			< 0.01
Spring	199 (9.0)	35 (3.4)
Summer	639 (28.9)	447 (42.9)
Fall	1,173 (53.0)	528 (50.7)
Winter	201 (9.1)	31 (3.0)
Asthma (n = 1,332)	n = 902	n = 430	> 0.60
Yes	12 (1.3)	4 (0.9)
No	890 (98.7)	426 (99.1)

Values are presented as number (%).

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

Table 2

Lung function by serum 25(OH)D deficiency in subjects

Variable	25(OH)D (ng/mL)		P-value
Variable	< 20	≥ 20	P-value
%FEV₁	94.6 ± 12.3	95.1 ± 12.2	< 0.01
FVC (L)	4.38 ± 0.83	4.55 ± 0.71	< 0.01
%FVC	94.7 ± 12.9.	96.4 ± 12.9	0.13
FEV₁/FVC	83.3 ± 6.7	82.3 ± 6.7	< 0.01

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation.

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; %FEV₁, % forced vital capacity in one second; %FVC, % forced vital capacity.

Table 3

Relationship of serum vitamin D and lung function

Variable	25(OH)D, correlation coefficient
Variable	Model 1 (n = 3,253)	Model 2 (n = 3,253)	Model 3 (n = 1,332)
%FVC	0.081^**	0.058^**	0.103^**
%FEV₁	0.035^*	0.019	0.012
FEV₁/FVC	-0.083^**	-0.055^**	-0.119^**
FVC	0.125^**	0.093^**	-0.042

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; model 1, unadjusted; model 2, adjusted by smoking; model 3, adjusted by smoking and asthma; %FVC, % forced vital capacity; %FEV₁, % forced vital capacity in one second.

^*P<0.05. ^**P<0.01.

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