Changes of aeroallergen sensitization in children with asthma or allergic rhinitis from a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul over 10 years

Young-Ho Jung; Keum-Hee Hwang; Song-I Yang; En Lee; Kyung-Hee Kim; Min-Ju Kim; Geun-Mi Park; Ju-Hee Seo; Hyung Young Kim; Jinho Yu; Soo-Jong Hong

doi:10.4168/aard.2014.2.2.97

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Jung, Hwang, Yang, Lee, Kim, Kim, Park, Seo, Kim, Yu, and Hong: Changes of aeroallergen sensitization in children with asthma or allergic rhinitis from a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul over 10 years

Original Article

Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease 2014; 2(2): 97-102.

Published online: 31 May 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2014.2.2.97

Changes of aeroallergen sensitization in children with asthma or allergic rhinitis from a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul over 10 years

Young-Ho Jung^1,², Keum-Hee Hwang³, Song-I Yang^2,³, En Lee^2,³, Kyung-Hee Kim³, Min-Ju Kim³, Geun-Mi Park³, Ju-Hee Seo^2,⁴, Hyung Young Kim^2,⁵, Jinho Yu³, Soo-Jong Hong^2,³

¹Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

²Research Center for Standardization of Allergic Diseases, Seoul, Korea.

³Department of Pediatrics, Asan Medical Center, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

⁴Department of Pediatrics, Korea Cancer Center Hospital, Seoul, Korea.

⁵Department of Pediatrics, Pusan National University Yangsan Hospital, Yangsan, Korea.

Correspondence to: Soo-Jong Hong. Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul 138-736, Korea. Tel: +82-2-3010-3379, Fax: +82-2-473-3725, sjhong@amc.seoul.kr

Received 2 May 2013 Revised 14 December 2013 Accepted 14 December 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Purpose

Allergic diseases have been increased in Korea. The aim of this study was to investigate the changes of sensitization rate to inhalant allergens over 10 years in children with allergic diseases from a tertiary referral hospital.

Methods

Skin prick tests were done in total 2,225 children in 2000, 2005, and 2010. Changes of skin reactivity to 12 major inhalant allergens, including Tree pollen mixture I (Alder, Elm, Hazel, Poplar, Willow), Tree pollen mixture II (Beech, Birch, Oak, Plane tree), Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides farina, Alternaria, cat dander, and dog dander were investigated.

Results

The sensitization rates to Tree pollen mixture I and II were increased as 5.0%, 6.8% in 2000, 8.5%, 9.8% in 2005, and 14.8%, 17.3% in 2010, respectively (trend P<0.001, P<0.001, respectively). And the sensitization rates to D. pteronyssinus cat dander and dog dander were changed as 55%, 4.8%, 4.8% in 2000, 62.2%, 11.9%, 28% in 2005, and 63.1%, 12.7%, 16.7% in 2010, respectively. The distribution of sensitized pollens was oak (12.8%), beech (12.4%), pine (10.3%), birch (10%), hazel (9.6%), alder (8%), elder (6.9%), elm (5.4%) in the study of 2010. When allergen/histamine ratio was compared, rates of strong sensitization over 4+ to tree pollen were increased.

Conclusion

The sensitization rates to inhalant allergens were increased in children with asthma or allergic rhinitis from a tertiary referral hospital in Seoul over last 10 years. Especially, an increase in the degree of skin reactivity was observed in cat dander, dog dander, and tree pollens. The studies to investigate the etiology of this increase and prevention will be needed.

Keywords: Allergens, Asthma, Allergic rhinitis, Hypersensitivity, Child

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Changes of sensitization rate for age. (A) Tree pollen mixture I. (B) Tree pollen mixture II. (C) Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. (D) Dermatophagoides farina. Changes in sensitization rate in each age group between 2000 and 2010. P-values are calculated by chi-square test (linear by linear association) for ages.

Fig. 2

Changes of rate for allergen to histamine (A/H) ratio. (A) Tree pollen mixture I. (B) Tree pollen mixture II. (C) Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus. (D) Dermatophagoides farina. Changes in proportion of sensitized patients according to the skin prick test results between 2000 and 2010. P-values are calculated by chi-square test (linear by linear association) for allergen to histamine ratio.

Table 1

Characteristics of enrolled subjects

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%) unless otherwise indicated.

Table 2

Changes of sensitization rate

Data were calculated by logistic regression analysis. Tree pollen mixture I includes Alder, Elm, Hazel, Poplar and Willow tree pollen. Tree pollen mixture II includes Beech, Birch, Oak and Plane tree pollen.

D. pteronyssinus, Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus; D. farina, Dermatophagoides farina; NA, not analyzed.

^*P-values are significant.

Table 3

Sensitization rates for kinds of pollen in year 2010

Notes

This study was supported by a grant from the Korea Healthcare Technology R&D Project, Ministry for Health, Welfare, Republic of Korea (grant number, A092076).

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