Innate immunity in asthma

Hye Young Kim

doi:10.4168/aard.2014.2.5.317

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Kim: Innate immunity in asthma

Review

Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease 2014; 2(5): 317-325.

Published online: 28 November 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2014.2.5.317

Innate immunity in asthma

Hye Young Kim

Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to: Hye Young Kim. Department of Medical Science, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 103 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea. Tel: +82-2-740-8970, Fax: +82-2-743-5530, hykim11@snu.ac.kr

Received 22 September 2014 Revised 13 October 2014 Accepted 13 October 2014

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Asthma is a complex and heterogeneous disease with several phenotypes. Most studies have focused on allergic asthma associated with allergen sensitization and adaptive immunity. On the other hand, nonallergic asthma is associated with a number of environmental factors such as infection, air pollution, or obesity, and requires innate immunity rather than adaptive immunity. In the lung, a number of innate immune cells and mechanisms have evolved to lead lung inflammation and asthma. These innate mechanisms include innate cytokines and various innate cells, including innate lymphoid cells, natural killer cells, as well as gammadelta T cells, which together produce a wide range of cytokines, independent of adaptive immunity and conventional antigens. Here, we review the most recent works regarding innate immune cells and the mechanisms underlying their role in asthma.

Keywords: Airway hyperreactivity, Innate immunity, Innate lymphoid cells, Natural killer T cells, Gammadelta T cells

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

The key clinical features (lung function, symptoms and exacerbations) and characteristic of asthma.

Fig. 2

The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the development of allergic asthma. IL, interleukin; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin; DC, dendritic cell.

Fig. 3

The role of innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) in the development of nonallergic asthma. IL, interleukin; TSLP, thymic stromal lymphopoietin; IFN, interferon.

Table 1

Surface markers, cytokines, and related disease of innate lymphoid cells

ILC, innate lymphoid cell; IL, interleukin; IFN, interferon; IBD, Inflammatory bowel disease.

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