Relationship between the asthma and rhinitis in asthmatic children: comparison of allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis

Eun Byul Kwon; Ji Hyeon Baek; Hyeong Yun Kim; Jung Won Yoon; Youn Ho Shin; Hye Mi Jee; Sun Hee Choi; Man Yong Han

doi:10.4168/aard.2013.1.3.241

Journal List > Allergy Asthma Respir Dis > v.1(3) > 1058965

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Kwon, Baek, Kim, Yoon, Shin, Jee, Choi, and Han: Relationship between the asthma and rhinitis in asthmatic children: comparison of allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis

Original Article

Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease 2013; 1(3): 241-247.

Published online: 30 September 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2013.1.3.241

Relationship between the asthma and rhinitis in asthmatic children: comparison of allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis

Eun Byul Kwon¹, Ji Hyeon Baek², Hyeong Yun Kim¹, Jung Won Yoon³, Youn Ho Shin², Hye Mi Jee², Sun Hee Choi⁴, Man Yong Han²

¹Department of Pediatrics, Bundang Jaesaeng Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.

²Department of Pediatrics, CHA University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Korea.

³Department of Pediatrics, Myuongji Hospital, Goyang, Korea.

⁴Department of Pediatrics, Kyung Hee University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Correspondence to: Man Yong Han. Department of Pediatrics, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University College of Medicine, 59 Yatap-ro, Bundang-gu, Seongnam 463-712, Korea. Tel: +82-31-780-6262, Fax: +82-31-780-5239, drmesh@gmail.com

Received 7 May 2013 Revised 30 July 2013 Accepted 9 August 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Purpose

We aimed to determine the prevalence of allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis, difference in symptoms between allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis, and the association between lung function and the degree of asthma control in children with asthma.

Methods

One hundred seventy patients who were followed-up for asthma treatment at the department of pediatrics of CHA Bundang Medical Center were enrolled in this study. We conducted the questionnaire regarding coexistence of rhinitis, childhood asthma control test (C-ACT), and the basic lung function test. The patients were classified as allergic rhinitis group and nonallergic rhinitis group according to the response to 11 common inhalation and food allergens, and assessed the degree of asthma control and the severity of rhinitis.

Results

One hundred thirty patients (73%) were found to have rhinitis. Of these, 79 patients (53%) had allergic rhinitis and 34 patients (20%) had nonallergic rhinitis. The allergic rhinitis group was older than the nonallergic rhinitis group or the nonrhinitis group (7.73±2.85 vs. 5.97±2.48 vs. 6.12±2.70, P<0.001). Nasal itching sense was more prevalent in the allergic-rhinitis group than in the nonallergic rhinitis group (3.23±1.90 vs. 2.44±1.56, P=0.036). There was an inverse correlation between the rhinitis and C-ACT (r= -0.329, P<0.05). Of note, nasal obstruction symptom was highly correlated with C-ACT (r=-0.334, P<0.001).

Conclusion

Allergic rhinitis and nonallergic rhinitis were highly prevalent in the pediatric patients with asthma and both of them had a significantly adverse impact on asthma control by rhinitis-itself. Therefore, regardless of atopic status, clinicians should focus on relieving rhinitis symptoms.

Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, Nonallergic rhinitis, Asthma control

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

The relationship between nasal severity scores (total visual analog scale [VAS] score) and childhood asthma control test (C-ACT) (r=-0.329 and P<0.001).

Table 1

Clinical characteristics of the patients

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

CI, confidence interval; C-ACT, childhood asthma control test; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity.

Table 2

Comparison of subjects with allergic rhinitis, nonallergic rhinitis, and nonrhinitis (n=170)

Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation. Analysis of variance testing with post hoc Scheffe analysis was used to assess differences between groups.

C-ACT, childhood asthma control test; FEV₁, forced expiratory volume in 1 second; FVC, forced vital capacity; MMEF, maximum mid expiratory flow; Xrs₅, reactance at 5 Hz; Rrs₅, resistance at 5 Hz.

^*Nonallergic rhinitis group versus allergic rhinitis group, P=0.008. ^†Nonrhinitis group versus allergic rhinitis group, P=0.004.

Table 3

Comparison of severity of rhinitis symptoms in subjects with allergic and nonallergic rhinitis

Values are presented as number (%) or mean±standard deviation.

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