Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with food sensitization in children under 2 years with atopic dermatitis

Jong Uk Baek; Jun-Won Hwangbo; Hae-Ran Lee; So-Yeon Lee

doi:10.4168/aard.2013.1.3.211

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Baek, Hwangbo, Lee, and Lee: Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with food sensitization in children under 2 years with atopic dermatitis

Original Article

Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease 2013; 1(3): 211-215.

Published online: 30 September 2013

DOI: https://doi.org/10.4168/aard.2013.1.3.211

Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with food sensitization in children under 2 years with atopic dermatitis

Jong Uk Baek, Jun-Won Hwangbo, Hae-Ran Lee, So-Yeon Lee

Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Anyang, Korea.

Correspondence to: So-Yeon Lee. Department of Pediatrics, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, 22 Gwanpyeong-ro 170beon-gil, Dongan-gu, Anyang 431-796, Korea. Tel: +82-31-380-3730, Fax: +82-31-380-1685, imipenem@hanmail.net

Received 1 July 2013 Revised 27 July 2013 Accepted 31 July 2013

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/).

Abstract

Purpose

Vitamin D levels are known to be associated with development of allergic diseases. However, existing data are controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate whether vitamin D levels are associated with food sensitization (FS) in young children with atopic dermatitis (AD).

Methods

We performed a medical record review of all patients under 2 years presenting to pediatric allergic clinic in Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital for atopic dermatitis between March 1, 2012 and February 28, 2013. Serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D)levels and six specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) to common food allergens were measured in 132 young children with AD. We defined vitamin D insufficiency was 25(OH)D <30 ng/mL, and FS as specific IgE ≥0.35 IU/mL to any of six common food allergens. Associations between serum 25(OH)D levels and FS were examined by using multiple logistic regression, adjusting for potential risk and confounding factors.

Results

The mean age was 10.1 months. Among the 132 children with AD, 65.9% had FS. In this group, there was a negative correlation between 25(OH)D levels and serum eosinophil percentage (correlation coefficient [r]=-0.335, P<0.01), but not correlated with serum total IgE levels. Children with vitamin D insufficiency were more likely to have FS (adjusted odds ratio, 17.1; 95% confidence interval, 1.36 to 215; P=0.028) than those with adequate vitamin D levels.

Conclusion

Vitamin D insufficiency is associated with FS in young children with AD. Further research is needed to confirm these findings.

Keywords: Vitamin D, Food, Sensitization, Dermatitis, Atopic

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Egg white was most common food allergen that showed food sensitization.

Table 1

Characteristics of atopic dermatitis subjects by food sensitization

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D.

^*P<0.05. P-value from the chi-square test and Student t-test.

Table 2

Correlation between 25(OH)D and other factors

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; IgE, immunoglobulin E.

^*P-value from Pearson correlation coefficient method.

Table 3

Association between 25(OH)D and food sensitization

25(OH)D, 25-hydroxyvitamin D; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; IgE, immunoglobulin E.

^*P-value from the chi-square test and Student t-test. ^†Adjusted for age, sex, delivery mode, feeding type, parental history of allergic disease, old sibling, season of sampling time.

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