Psychological Intervention Effects of Group Music Therapy on Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Eunsook Bae; Mijung Kim

doi:10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.2.153

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Bae and Kim: Psychological Intervention Effects of Group Music Therapy on Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing 2016; 27(2): 153-162.

Published online: 30 June 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.2.153

Psychological Intervention Effects of Group Music Therapy on Patients with Parkinson's Disease

Eunsook Bae¹, Mijung Kim²

¹Department of Nursing, Gimhae College, Gimhae, Korea.

²Masan Wongwang Boeun House, Masan, Korea.

Corresponding author: Bae, Eunsook. Department of Nursing, Gimhae College, 112 Saman-ro, Gimhae 50811, Korea. Tel: +82-55-320-1733, Fax: +82-55-320-1728, baesukkr3966@gimhae.ac.kr

Received 5 November 2015 Revised 29 May 2016 Accepted 17 June 2016

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

Music therapy is a non-pharmacological treatment of the behavioral and psychological symptoms. This study was conducted to contribute to the rehabilitation of patients with idiopathic Parkinson's disease in the areas of functionality, emotionality and sociability.

Methods

The study included 35 participants, aged between 52 and 77 years, who were diagnosed with idiopathic Parkinson's disease (IPD) and reported suffering from depression, chronic illness anticipated stigma, and worrying about quality of life . The patients were recruited from the department of outpatient neurology at School of Medicine, D University in B Metropolitan City. Group music therapy was performed for nine weeks. The results were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.

Results

In terms of stigma, there were significant differences between two groups and time (p<.05). Analysis of the interaction between time and service method revealed significant differences (p<.05). Between time, and the interaction between time and service method revealed significant differences in terms of quality of life (p<.05).

Conclusion

The results suggest that group music therapy will be effective on the psychosocial well-being of patients with Parkinson's disease living in assisted and independent living communities.

Keywords: Parkinson disease, Music therapy, Depression, Quality of life

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Research design of the study.

Table 1

Homogeneity of Demographic Characteristics and Disease Characteristics between the Two Groups (N=35)

Characteristics	Categories	Cont. (n=20)	Exp. (n=15)	χ² or Fisher exact	p
Characteristics	Categories	n (%) or M±SD	n (%) or M±SD	χ² or Fisher exact	p
Gender	Female	10 (50.0)	9 (60.0)	0.35	.557
Gender	Male	10 (50.0)	6 (40.0)	0.35	.557
Age (year)		66.95±8.38	71.27±6.26	13.37	.104
	60~64	4 (20.0)	2 (13.3)
	65~69	5 (25.0)	4 (26.7)
	70~74	7 (35.0)	6 (40.0)
	≥75	4 (20.0)	3 (20.0)
Education level	≤Elementary school	9 (45.0)	6 (40.0)	25.72	.503
	Middle school	7 (35.0)	5 (33.3)
	≥High school	4 (20.0)	4 (26.7)
Marital state	Divorce, separation bereavement	9 (45.0)	10 (66.7)	12.01	.097
Marital state	Married (live spouse)	11 (55.0)	5 (33.3)	12.01	.097
Average monthly income (10,000 won)	<50	5 (25.0)	6 (40.0)	7.01	.058
	50~99	10 (50.0)	5 (33.3)
	≥100	5 (25.0)	4 (26.7)
Living together with	Spouse	10 (50.0)	4 (26.7)	7.50	.056
	Son or daughter	5 (25.0)	2 (13.3)
	No one	2 (10.0)	8 (53.3)
	Spouse and children	3 (15.0)	1 (6.7)
Job	Yes	7 (35.0)	2 (13.3)	2.11	.244
Job	No	13 (65.0)	13 (86.7)	2.11	.244
Duration of patients' illness (year)	≤4	7 (35.0)	6 (40.1)	2.30	.745
	5~8	8 (40.0)	4 (26.6)
	≥9	5 (25.0)	5 (33.3)
Age of onset (year)	≤60	60.40±8.80 4 (20.0)	65.07±6.60 2 (13.3)	-2.01	.072
	61~70	12 (60.0)	11 (73.3)
	≥71	4 (20.0)	2 (13.3)
Gait disability	Yes	12 (60.0)	7 (46.7)	0.61	.433
Gait disability	No	8 (40.0)	8 (53.3)	0.61	.433

Cont.=control group; Exp.=experimental group.

Table 2

Homogeneity Test of Dependent Variables before Treatment between Experimental and Control Groups (N=35)

Variables	Cont. (n=20)	Exp. (n=15)	t	p
Variables	M±SD	M±SD	t	p
Depression	18.75±11.18	11.93±7.53	2.07	.059
Chronic illness anticipated stigma	39.35±18.77	38.40±11.59	1.12	.141
Health related quality of life	29.47±5.83	25.10±7.07	0.95	.062

Cont.=control group; Exp.=experimental group.

Table 3

Repeated Measure ANOVA of Depression, Chronic Illness Anticipated Stigma and Quality of Life between the Two Groups (N=35)

Variables	Groups	Pretest	Posttest 1	Posttest 2	p^†		F (p)	Sources	F (p)
Variables	Groups	M±SD	M±SD	M±SD	Post 1/Pre	Post 2/Post 1	F (p)	Sources	F (p)
Depression	Cont.	18.75±11.18	16.95±9.98	19.00±11.30	.326	.023	0.21 (.809)	Group	0.98 (.332)
	Exp.	11.93±7.53	11.60±10.62	11.20±9.62	.827	.668	0.02 (.977)	Time	1.13 (.324)
	p^†	.059	.365	.331				Time^*Group	0.83 (.421)
CIAS	Cont.	39.35±18.77	41.45±15.28	45.45±15.36	.978	<.001	0.89 (.416)	Group	5.70 (.024)
	Exp.	38.40±11.59	37.47±10.60	31.33±13.51	.710	.066	1.55 (.225)	Time	9.10 (<.001)
	p^†	.141	.162	.006				Time^*Group	6.47 (.003)
Quality of life	Cont.	29.47±5.83	16.87±6.53	17.00±6.30	.001	.912	20.25 (.000)	Group	2.43 (.129)
	Exp.	25.10±7.07	22.40±7.39	26.25±7.49	.063	.009	3.53 (.036)	Time	4.75 (.027)
	p^†	.062	.731	.852				Time^*Group	3.94 (.045)

p=p for group differences; Cont.=control group; Exp.=experimental group; CIAS=chronic illness anticipated stigma.

Notes

This research was supported by Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science ICT & Future Planning (No. 2014R1A1A1008093).

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