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Choi and Kim: HPV Knowledge, HPV Vaccination Intention, and Barriers on HPV Vaccination in Male Undergraduate Students of Health Department and Non-health Department
Original Article

J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs 2016;27(2):144-152.

Published online: 12 June 2016

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2016.27.2.144

HPV Knowledge, HPV Vaccination Intention, and Barriers on HPV Vaccination in Male Undergraduate Students of Health Department and Non-health Department

Jung Ah Choi1, Kyoung Ah Kim2

1Seoul Women’s College of Nursing, Seoul, Korea

2Department of Nursing, Woosong University, Daejeon, Korea

Corresponding author: Kim, Kyoung Ah Department of Nursing, Woosong University, 34606 171 Dongdaejeon-ro, Dong-gu, Daejeon 34606, Korea. Tel: +82-42-630-9297, Fax: +82-42-630-9299, E-mail: kamaria@wsu.ac.kr

Received 22 February 2016       Revised 5 April 2016       Accepted 23 May 2016

Copyright © 2016 Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The aim of this study was to identify the level of Human papillomavirus (HPV) knowledge, intention of HPV vaccination, and barriers on HPV vaccination among male undergraduate students of Health department and Non-health department.

Methods

A total of 149 male undergraduate students responded to self-administered questionnaires about their HPV knowledge, HPV vaccination intention, and their barriers on HPV vaccination. ANOVA, t-test and x2 test (Fisher's exact test) were used for data analysis.

Results

Mean score of HPV knowledge was 3.39±3.05, and there was significant difference between Health department (4.15±3.08) and Non-health department (2.58±2.82) in HPV knowledge (t=3.241, p=.001). There was no significant difference in HPV vaccination acceptance between the two groups. The barriers on HPV vaccination were ‘lack of information about HPV vaccine efficacy’ and ‘lack of information about HPV vaccination time and strategy’, and there were significant differences in barriers on HPV vaccination between the two groups.

Conclusion

The knowledge on HPV was low, and HPV vaccination was hindered due to lack of information about HPV vaccine despite their intention to obtain HPV vaccine. HPV education to promote HPV vaccination should be targeted among male students.

Keywords: Human papilloma virus, Knowledge, Vaccination, Male

References

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Table 1.
General Characteristics and HPV-related Characteristics (N=149)
Variables Categories Health department (n=77)
 Non-health department (n=72)
 x2 p
n(%) n(%)
Grade 1 20 (13.4) 12 (8.1) 7.77 .051
2 33 (22.1) 47 (31.5)
3 20 (13.4) 10 (6.7)
4 4 (2.7) 3 (2.0)
Allowance (10,000 won/month) ＜10 5 (3.4) 8 (5.4) 1.34 .719
10~＜30 32 (21.5) 30 (20.1)
30~＜50 31 (20.8) 28 (18.8)
≥50 9 (6.0) 6 (4.0)
Smoking Yes 21 (14.1) 21 (14.1) 0.07 .470
No 56 (37.6) 51 (34.2)
Sexual experience Yes 43 (28.9) 39 (26.2) 0.04 .484
No 34 (22.8) 33 (22.1)
Condom use Yes 40 (48.8) 35 (42.7) 0.02 .592
No 3 (3.7) 4 (4.9)
Family history of cancer Yes 19 (12.8) 14 (9.4) 0.59 .285
No 58 (38.9) 58 (38.9)
Awareness about HPV Yes 39 (26.2) 10 (6.7) 22.78 ＜.001
No 38 (25.5) 62 (41.6)
Information sources† (n=55) Health care provider 9 (6.0) 1 (0.7) 6.30 .018
Lecture 27 (18.1) 1 (0.7) 27.65 ＜.001
Internet or TV 13 (8.7) 9 (6.0) 0.57 .495
Friends 2 (1.3) 1 (0.7) 0.28 .525
HPV vaccination‡ Yes 1 (0.7) 0 (0.0) 0.94 .517
No 76 (51.0) 72 (48.3)

†Mutilple responses;

‡ HPV=Human papillomavirus.

Table 2.
Differences in HPV Knowledge (N=149)
Variables Health department (n=77)
 Non-health department (n=72)
 t p
M±SD M±SD
Mean score 3.39±3.05
HPV knowledge 4.15±3.08 2.58±2.82 −3.24 .001
(min: 0, max: 20)
Table 3.
Differences in Correct Response Rate for HPV Knowledge (N=149)
Items Health department (n=77)
 Non-health department (n=72)
 x2 p
% %
1. HPV is realted to the development of the cervical cancer (T) 30.2 12.8 11.73 .001
2. Low risk virus dose not occur the cervical cancer (T) 3.2 0.0 6.24 .045
3. HPV is almost asymptomatic (T) 9.4 7.4 0.03 .518
4. High risk virus causes wart around the genital area (F) 1.3 0.7 0.19 .566
5. Low risk virus causes displasia of the cervical area (F) 3.4 2.7 0.01 .609
6. HPV is one of STDs (T) 28.2 18.8 1.70 .128
7. HPV infection occur in the areas of oral, respiratory tract, and eyes (T) 17.4 6.7 6.31 .011
8. Condom can prevent the infection of HPV (F) 0.7 0.7 0.02 .706
9. HPV infection is a disease related to sexual contact (T) 26.8 16.1 3.01 .059
10. The incubation period for HPV ranged from months to a year (T) 16.1 8.7 2.22 .098
11. Because HPV might cause genital cancer for men, screening test is necessary (F) 1.3 0.0 2.46 .294
12. Once infected, it could not be disappeared unless treated (F) 20.1 6.7 9.78 .002
13. HPV can be disappeared gradually if one has a strong immunity system (T) 7.4 2.7 2.53 .099
14. HPV can be detected on cervical cytology Pap smear (F) 0.0 1.3 3.17 .207
15. A woman who is sexually active is recommended to receive HPV test (F) 4.0 1.3 1.53 .203
16. HPV can be treated with drug and surgery presently (F) 3.4 2.0 0.23 .461
17. It is possible to prevent neonatal infection by cesarean section if a mother is infected by HPV during pregnancy (F) 9.4 6.0 0.47 .327
18. Frequent warts occurrence around the vulva make the possibility of cervical cancer higher (F) 0.7 0.7 0.02 .706
19. HPV infection can be prevented with HPV vaccination (T) 28.2 20.1 0.89 .219
20. HPV occurs mostly during the middle age, menopause (F) 7.4 5.4 0.11 .469
Table 4.
Differences in HPV Vaccination Acceptance (N=149)
Variables Categories Health department (n=77)
 Non-health department (n=72)
 x2 p
n(%) n(%)
HPV vaccination acceptance Yes 44 (29.5) 44 (29.5) 0.24 .373
No 33 (22.1) 28 (18.8)
Table 5.
Barriers on HPV Vaccination (N=149)
Items Health department (n=77)
 Non-health department (n=72)
 x2 p
Unlikely
 Likely
 Neutral
 Unlikely
 Likely
 Neutral
n(%) n(%) n(%) n(%) n(%) n(%)
1. Concern about risk to HPV vaccination or potential disadvantage of HPV vaccination 11(7.4) 22(14.8) 44(29.5) 7(4.7) 20(13.4) 45(30.2) 1.96 .743
2. Cost of vaccination 13(8.7) 29(19.4) 34(22.8) 20(13.4) 19(12.7) 34(22.8) 5.96 .202
3. Perceived lack of time 45(30.2) 6(4.1) 26(17.4) 34(22.8) 16(10.7) 22(14.8) 8.88 .064
4. Fear of HPV vaccination 60(40.2) 4(2.7) 13(8.7) 47(31.5) 11(7.4) 14(9.4) 5.39 .250
5. Fear of needle 57(38.3) 7(4.7) 13(8.7) 57(38.3) 6(4.0) 9(6.0) 1.85 .762
6. Perceived HPV vaccination benefit 34(22.8) 14(9.4) 29(19.5) 21(14.1) 16(10.8) 35(23.5) 8.01 .091
7. Lack of information about HPV vaccine efficacy 8(5.4) 45(30.2) 24(16.1) 2(1.3) 53(35.6) 17(11.4) 16.74 .001
8. Lack of information about HPV vaccination time and strategy 4(2.7) 52(34.9) 21(14.1) 2(1.3) 53(35.6) 17(11.4) 14.01 .003
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