Successful Aging and the Influencing Factors in the Korean Elderly: Focused on Family Support

SongYi Han; Soon-Nyung Yun

doi:10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.4.372

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Han and Yun: Successful Aging and the Influencing Factors in the Korean Elderly: Focused on Family Support

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Community Health Nursing 2015; 26(4): 372-379.

Published online: 31 December 2015

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12799/jkachn.2015.26.4.372

Successful Aging and the Influencing Factors in the Korean Elderly: Focused on Family Support

SongYi Han, Soon-Nyung Yun

College of Nursing, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Han, Song Yi. College of Nursing, Seoul National University, 28 Yongon-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-799, Korea. Tel: +82-2-740-8456, fabulousong@snu.ac.kr

Received 28 August 2015 Revised 9 December 2015 Accepted 17 December 2015

(open-access):

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

This research was conducted to examine the successful aging and identify factors influencing successful aging in the Korean elderly.

Methods

The subjects were 4,507 elders and data were collected from the 4th Korean Longitudinal Study of Ageing in 2012. The data were analyzed using frequencies, weighted percentage, χ² test, and logistic regression.

Results

The results of this study showed that 19.6% of the participants were categorized to successful aging. The domains of the absence of disease and disability and maintaining physical and mental functioning showed a high rate of achievement, while the domain of active engagement with life showed a low rate of achievement compared to others. Successful aging was influenced by gender, age, subjective economic status, subjective health status, and family support, particularly spouse's support.

Conclusion

Intervention programs to increase the prevalence of successful aging are required. Especially programs for strengthening spouse's support and enhancing subjective health status are required.

Keywords: Elderly, Aging, Family, Nursing

Figures and Tables

Table 1

The Difference of Successful Aging by Characteristics of Subjects

Variables	Characteristics	Total	Successful aging	Usual aging	χ²	p
Variables	Characteristics	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	χ²	p
Gender	Male	2,028 (45.00)	637 (72.30)	1,391 (38.36)	329.94	<.001
Gender	Female	2,479 (55.00)	244 (27.70)	2,235 (61.64)	329.94	<.001
Age (year)	65~74	2,676 (59.36)	731 (82.88)	1,945 (53.64)	251.42	<.001
Age (year)	≥75	1,831 (40.64)	151 (17.12)	1,681 (46.35)	251.42	<.001
Education	No education	993 (22.03)	91 (10.33)	902 (24.98)	122.25	<.001
	Elementary school	1,566 (34.74)	283 (32.12)	1,283 (35.38)
	≥Middle school	1,948 (43.22)	507 (57.55)	1,441 (39.74)
Subjective economic status	Good	1,221 (27.10)	347 (39.39)	874 (24.11)	157.03	<.001
	Usual	2,206 (48.96)	450 (51.08)	1,756 (48.44)
	Bad	1,079 (23.94)	84 (9.53)	995 (27.45)
Subjective health status	Healthy	863 (19.15)	310 (35.18)	553 (15.25)	293.34	<.001
	Usual	1,894 (42.02)	423 (48.01)	1,471 (40.57)
	Unhealthy	1,750 (38.83)	148 (16.80)	1,602 (44.18)
Family support	Supported spouse	2,364 (52.45)	639 (72.45)	1,725 (47.59)	199.30	<.001
	Unsupported spouse	802 (17.79)	134 (15.19)	668 (18.42)
	No spouse	1,341 (29.75)	109 (12.36)	1,232 (33.99)
	Supported children	2,236 (49.61)	423 (47.96)	1,813 (50.01)	48.40	<.001
	Unsupported children	669 (14.84)	76 (8.62)	593 (16.36)
	No children	1,602 (35.54)	383 (43.42)	1,219 (33.63)

%: Weighted %.

Table 2

The Proportion of Successful Aging (N=4,507)

Domain	n (%)
Absence of diseases	3,590 (79.66)
Physical & mental function	4,041 (89.66)
Active engagement	987 (21.89)
Successful aging	882 (19.56)

Table 3

Influencing Factors of Subjectives' Characteristics on Successful Aging

Variables	Categories	Successful aging (n=882)
Variables	Categories	OR	95% CI	p
Gender	Male	1.00
Gender	Female	0.29	0.25~0.36	<.001
Age (year)	65~74	1.00
Age (year)	≥75	0.33	0.26~0.40	<.001
Education	No education	1.00
	Elementary	1.02	0.77~1.35	.887
	≥Middle school	0.77	0.58~1.06	.073
Subjective economic status	Bad	1.00
	Usual	1.86	1.42~2.44	<.001
	good	2.12	1.58~2.87	<.001
Subjective health status	Unhealthy	1.00
	Usual	2.02	1.63~2.52	<.001
	healthy	3.11	2.44~3.96	<.001
Family support	No spouse	1.00
	Unsupported spouse	1.43	1.05~1.94	.023
	Supported spouse	1.60	1.24~2.08	<.001
	No children	1.00
	Unsupported children	1.04	0.76~1.42	.810
	Supported children	1.08	0.90~1.30	.388
Likelihood ratio test		χ²=757.35, df=12, p<.001
Goodness-of-fit test: Hosmer-Lemeshow		χ²=7.03, df=8, p=.533
Correct Prediction (%)		81.52
Nagelkerke R²		.25

OR=Odds ratio; CI=Confidence interval.

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