Journal List > J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs > v.25(4) > 1058097

Hwang and Choi: A Systematic Review of Suicide Prevention Programs for Healthcare Personnel

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to systematically review the suicide prevention programs for healthcare personnel to identify contents, formats, and strategies essential for effective suicide prevention programs.

Methods

A systematic search using key words in English and Korean was conducted using 10 electronic databases, including EMBASE, MEDLINE, and RISS. Of 794 publications identified, 9 studies were finally included in this systematic review. The Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network (SIGN) was used for the quality assessment.

Results

Of the nine experimental studies, seven studies used randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and two used quasi-experimental designs. Overall, suicide prevention programs were found to be effective in improving competencies (e.g., knowledge, communication skills, and attitudes) of healthcare personnel working in diverse settings. Limitations of these studies included a lack of rigorous research designs and reliable and universal outcome measures. Paradoxically, none of the studies were conducted in South Korea, which consistently has the highest suicide rate of all OECD countries.

Conclusion

Suicide prevention programs for health personnel can be an effective way to improve competency of healthcare personnel in preventing suicide. These findings will serve as a foundation for the development of suicide prevention programs by Korean healthcare personnel.

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

PRISMA flow chart of study selection.

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Table 1

Results of the Quality Assessment of the Studies

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1.1: The study addresses an appropriate and clearly focused question; 1.2: The assignment of subjects to treatment groups is randomised; 1.3: An adequate concealment method is used; 1.4: The design keeps subjects and investigators ‘blind’ about treatment allocation; 1.5: The treatment and control groups are similar at the start of the trial; 1.6: The only difference between groups is the treatment under investigation; 1.7: All relevant outcomes are measured in a standard, valid and reliable way; 1.8: What percentage of the individuals or clusters recruited into each treatment arm of the study dropped out before the study was completed?; 1.9: All the subjects are analysed in the groups to which they were randomly allocated (often referred to as intention to treat analysis); 1.10: Where the study is carried out at more than one site, results are comparable for all sites; ++: High quality, +: Acceptable, -: Low quality.

Table 2

General Characteristics and Methodology of 9 Studies

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Table 3

Effectiveness of Intervention for Suicide Prevention

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Exp.=Experimental, Cont.=Control, TAU=Treatment as usual, TBI=Traumatic brain injury; HP=Health personnel;MP=Medical practitioners; SW=Social workers; OT=Occupational therapists; OHW=Other healthworke.

Notes

CONFLICTS OF INTEREST The authors declared no conflict of interest.

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