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Abstract
Purpose
The aim of this study was to describe the core components of interventions for prevention of alcoholism in adults and to present basic information for developing intervention programs for problem drinkers.
Methods
The key words, ‘alcoholism’ and ‘prevention’ were used to search peer-reviewed evidence through ten electronic databases. Six electronic databases in English and four in the Korean language were searched to identify studies done between January 2005 and December 2015.
Results
Examination of the fifteen articles revealed six kinds of interventions for prevention of alcoholism: Screening, Brief intervention, and Referral to Treatment (SBIRT); Brief Negotiate Interview (BNI); Motivational Enhancement Therapy (MET); Screening Interventions Program for Sensible Drinking (SIPS); Stepped Care (SC) and Alcohol Reduction Program. Interventions were mainly focused on assessment of drinking behavior, investigation of alcohol-related problems, building a motivation for change, exploring the expectancies of drinking alcohol, strengthening change of behavior and continuous monitoring using motivational interviewing, empathetic feedback and coaching strategy.
Conclusion
Findings show that the core components of interventions for prevention of alcoholism in adults are client-tailored approaches, formation of motivation to change, and continuous monitoring of behavior change. Motivational intervention is necessary to develop practical strategies to promote motivation to change for problem drinkers.
Figures and Tables
Table 1
Characteristics of Included Studies (N=15)
BI=Brief intervention; MET=Motivational enhancement therapy; FRAMES=Feedback, responsibility, advice, menu, empathy, self-efficacy; SC=Stepped care; BNI=Brief negotiate interview; SIPS=Screening intervention program for sensible drinking; RCT=Randomized controlled trial; Exp=Experimental group; Cont=Control group.
Appendices
Appendix 1
Studies Included in Meta-Analysis
Beckham N. Motivational interviewing with hazardous drinkers. J Am Acad Nurse Pract. 2007;19(2):103-10. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-7599.2006.00200.x
Cherpitel CJ, Korcha RA, Moskalewicz J, Swiatkiewicz G, Ye Y, Bond J. (2010). Screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT): 12-month outcomes of a randomized controlled clinical trial in a Polish emergency department. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2010;34(11): 1922-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2010.01281.x
Collaborative AESR. The impact of screening, brief intervention and referral for treatment in emergency department patients' alcohol use: a 3-, 6- and 12-month follow-up. Alcohol Alcohol. 2010;45(6):514-9.
Desy PM, Howard PK, Perhats C, Li S. Alcohol screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment conducted by emergency nurses: an impact evaluation. J Emerg Nurs. 2010;36(6):538-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jen.2009.09.011
Dieperink E, Fuller B, Isenhart C, McMken K, Lenox R, Pocha C, et al. Efficacy of motivational enhancement therapy on alcohol use disorders in patients with chronic hepatitis C: A randomized controlled rial. Addiction. 2014;109(11):1869-77. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12679
Do EY. The effects of the drinking reduction program adopting transtheoretical and leisure models on problem drinking behavior and cognition. J Korean Acad Community Health Nurs. 2007;18:363-72.
Drummond C, Coulton S, James D, Godfrey R, Parrott S, Baxter J, et al. Effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a stepped care intervention for alcohol use disorders in primary care: pilot study. Br J Psychiatry. 2009;195(5):448-56. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.108.056697
Hermansson U, Helander A, Brandt L Huss A, Ronnberg S. Screening and brief intervention for risky alcohol consumption in the workplace: results of a 1-year randomized controlled study. Alcohol Alcohol. 2010;45(3):252-7.
Kaner E, Bland M, Cassidy P, Coulton S, Dale V, Deluca P, et al. Effectiveness of screening and brief alcohol intervention in primary care (SIPS trial): pragmatic cluster randomised controlled trial. British Medical Journal (BMJ). 2013;346:e8501. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.e8501
Lock CA, Kaner E, Heather N, Doughty J, Crawshaw A, McNamee P, et al. Effectiveness of nurse-led brief alcohol intervention: a cluster randomized controlled trial. J Adv Nurs. 2006;54(4): 426-39. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2648.2006.03836.x
Noknoy S, Rangsin R, Saengcharnchai P, Tantibhaedhyangkul U, McCambridge J. RCT of effectiveness of motivational enhancement therapy delivered by nurses for hazardous drinkers in primary care units in Thailand. Alcohol Alcohol. 2010;45(3):263-70.
Orford J, Hodgson R, Copello A, John B, Smith M. Black R, Fryer K, et al. The clients' perspective on change during treatment for an alcohol problem: qualitative analysis of follow-up interviews in the UK Alcohol Treatment Trial. Addiction. 2006;101:60-8. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2005.01291.x
Saitz R, Palfai TP, Cheng DM, Horton NJ, Freedner N, Dukes K, et al. Brief intervention for medical Inpatients with Unhealthy Alcohol Use: A randomized, controlled trial. Ann Intern Med. 2007;146(3):167-76. https://doi.org/10.7326/0003-4819-146-3-200702060-00005
Tsai YF, Tsai MC, Lin YP, Chen CY. Brief intervention for problem drinkers in a Chinese population: a randomized controlled trial in a hospital setting. Alcohol Clin Exp Res. 2009;33(1):95-101. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1530-0277.2008.00815.x
Watson H, Godfrey C, McFadyen A, Mcarthur K, Stevenson M, Holloway A. Screening and brief intervention delivery in the workplace to reduce alcohol-related harm: a pilot randomized controlled trial. Int J Nurs Stud. 2015;52(1):39-48. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2014.06.013
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