Gender Specific Role of Anger Expression in Association with Depression and Health Behavior in Community-Dwelling Elders

Mi Heui Jang; Jia Lee; Ae Sil Kim

doi:10.12934/jkpmhn.2014.23.1.38

Journal List > J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs > v.23(1) > 1058026

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Jang, Lee, and Kim: Gender Specific Role of Anger Expression in Association with Depression and Health Behavior in Community-Dwelling Elders

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2014; 23(1): 38-48.

Published online: 31 March 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2014.23.1.38

Gender Specific Role of Anger Expression in Association with Depression and Health Behavior in Community-Dwelling Elders

Mi Heui Jang¹, Jia Lee¹, Ae Sil Kim²

¹College of Nursing Science and East-West Nursing Research Institute, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.

²College of Nursing Science, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Jang, Mi Heui. College of Nursing, Kyung Hee University, 26 Kyunghee-daero, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, Korea. Tel: +82-2-961-0592, Fax: +82-2-961-0592, mhjang@khu.ac.kr

Received 29 December 2013 Revised 27 February 2014 Accepted 17 March 2014

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to identify the total, direct, and indirect influence of depression on health behavior (HB); to determine relative magnitudes of specific mediating effects of anger expression in gender specific subgroup among elders.

Methods

A cross-sectional correlational survey was conducted in S and G cities with 333 community-dwe1ling elders (male=170, female=163). Data were collected from September 7 to November 7, 2013. Kee's GDSSF-K for depression, Spielberger's STAXI for anger expression and Choi & Kim's health behavior assessment tool were used. Multiple-mediation analyses using Indirect SPSS macros were performed.

Results

Depression had a significant total, direct and indirect effect on HB in both male and female. In women, direct and indirect effect of depression on HB were higher than in men. Specific indirect effects of depression on HB were evidenced via anger-control and anger-out for men and via anger-control and anger-in for women. Among anger expression, anger-control was a more salient mediator for both male and female.

Conclusion

Findings suggest that depression and anger-control should be addressed in tandem for promotion of HB for elders. Tailored interventions for the promotion of HB should be developed considering gender of target population.

Keywords: Health behavior, Depression, Anger, Elderly

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Conceptual model of the study and analytic diagram for the multiple-mediation model proposed.

Figure 2

Multiple-mediation bootstrap analysis of relationships between depression and health behavior as mediated by anger-in, anger-out and anger-control (Male/Female estimate).

Table 1

General Characteristics of Subjects (N=333)

Table 2

Correlations between Variables for Male and Female

Table 3

Multiple Mediation Estimates for Health Behavior, Controlling for Sociodemographic Characteristics

CI=Confidence interval; LL=Lower limit; UL=Upper limit; Ns=Not statistically significant.

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