Discriminating Power of Dissociation in Patients with Psychological Trauma

Seong Sook Kong; Jae Hyun Bae

doi:10.12934/jkpmhn.2014.23.3.125

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Kong and Bae: Discriminating Power of Dissociation in Patients with Psychological Trauma

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2014; 23(3): 125-134.

Published online: 30 September 2014

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2014.23.3.125

Discriminating Power of Dissociation in Patients with Psychological Trauma

Seong Sook Kong¹, Jae Hyun Bae²

¹Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, Cheonan, Korea.

²Seoul EMDR Clinic, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding author: Kong, Seong Sook. Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Soonchunhyang University, 366-1 Ssangyong-dong, Cheonan 330-090, Korea. Tel: +82-41-570-2488, Fax: +82-41-570-2498, kongsun@sch.ac.kr

Received 18 June 2014 Revised 12 August 2014 Accepted 24 September 2014

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of the study was to identify the discriminating power of dissociation as defined by depression, obsession, and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI; psychopathology) in patients with psychological trauma.

Methods

Participants were patients (N=114) from "S" clinic for psychological trauma. Data were collected from April to June 2014 through semi-structured interviews and self-reports using a modified Lifetime Incidence of Traumatic Events, Dissociative Experience Scale (DES), Beck Depression Inventory-2, Maudsley Obsessional Compulsive Inventory, and MMPI-2.

Results

Participants were grouped in to two groups depending on DES scores; dissociative (n=15) and non-dissociative (n=99). Depression, F-scale (infrequency), Ma (Hypomania), and Hs (Hypochondriasis) scale of MMPI correctly discriminated 86.8% of the sample. There were also significant differences in Obsession, K-scale (korrection), D (Depression), Hy (Hysteria), Pd (Psychopathic Deviate), Pa (Paranoia), Pt (Psychasthenia), Sc (Schizophrenia), Si (Social Introversion) scales of MMPI between two groups, but they were not significant discriminant factors.

Conclusion

Future interventions for patients with high levels of dissociation and psychological trauma should focus on the prevention of suicide and chronic dissociation by assessing depression-related factors; suicidal behavior, impulsivity, aggression, and alexithymia. Therapists should also interpret patients' MMPI profiles carefully, especially in the presence of an extremely elevated F-scale.

Keywords: Trauma, Dissociative disorders, Depression, Obsessive behavior, MMPI

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Demographic Characteristics and Frequencies of Trauma of the Subjects (N=114)

Table 2

Mean Differences in Predictor Variables between Two Groups (N=114)

BDI=Beck depression inventory; MOCI=Maudsley obsessional-compulsive inventory; MMPI=Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory; L=Lie; F=Infrequency; K=Korrection; Hs=Hypochondriasis; D=Depression; Hy=Hysteria; Pd=Psychopathic deviate; Mf=Masculinity-femininity; Pa=Paranoia; Pt=Psychasthenia; Sc=Schizophrenia; Ma=Hypomania; Si=Social introversion; DES=Dissociative Experience Scale.

^*10~20%=0, 30~50%=1, 60~80%=2, 90~100%=3.

Table 3

Canonical Discriminant Functions (N=114)

Table 4

Discriminant Loadings and Standardized Weights (N=114)

BDI=Beck depression inventory; MMPI=Minnesota multiphasic personality inventory; F=Infrequency; Hs=Hypochondriasis; Pd=Psychopathic Deviate; Ma=Hypomania; Mf=Masculinity-Femininity.

Table 5

Classification Matrix for Two Group Discriminant Analysis

Notes

This work was supported by the Soonchunhyang University Research Fund.

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