Journal List > J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs > v.19(3) > 1057867

Um, Lee, and Lim: Effects of a Problem-Solving Program on Problem-Solving Ability, Self-Esteem, and Depression for Middle School Girls

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to analyze effects of a problem-solving program on problem-solving ability, self-esteem, and depression for middle school girls with depression.

Methods

This quasi-experimental study was designed with a nonequivalent control group pre-post test. The research participants were middle school girls (N=82; experimental group=32, control group=50) whose CES-D score was higher than 24. The problem solving program consisted of 10 sessions (90 min/session) was composed of introduction, problem orientation, problem solving skills, case application, and ending. The outcomes were measured by the Social Problem-Solving Inventory-Revised (SPSI-R), Rosenberg Self-Esteem (RSE), and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D).

Results

The experimental group showed significantly higher levels of problem solving ability (t=3.10, p=.003) and lower depression levels (t=-2.60, p=.011) than the control group after completing the program. The levels of self-esteem of the experimental group were improved after the program but the changes in self-esteem were not reached to the significant levels when compared with those of control group (t=1.64, p=.104).

Conclusion

Based on this study, problem-solving program is very effective to middle school girls with depression. Therefore, providing problem-solving program as an intervention to promote mental health of adolescents with depression should be considered.

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Problem Solving Program

jkapmhn-19-318-i001
Table 2

Characteristics of the Participants

jkapmhn-19-318-i002

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Multiple response.

Table 3

Levels of Problem-Solving Ability, Self-esteem, and Depression at Pretest

jkapmhn-19-318-i003

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Increasing of the value means decreasing of problem-solving ability.

Table 4

Effects of the Problem Solving Program on Problem-solving Ability, Self-esteem, and Depression (N=82)

jkapmhn-19-318-i004

PPO=positive orientation; NPO=negative orientation; RPS=rational problem-solving style; ICS=impulsive careless style; AS=avoidance style; Exp=experimental group; Cont=control group; Post-pre=mean scores at post test-mean scores at pre test.

t-test for changed score between pre-post test; Experimental group paired t-test: t=-3.62, p<.001; Control group paired t-test: t=-2.77, p<.05; §Increasing of the value means decreasing of problem-solving ability.

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