Effects of Hand Holding on Self-esteem and Assertiveness in Women Patients with Depression

Mi-Hae Sung; Mi Young Choi; Ok Bong Eum

doi:10.12934/jkpmhn.2010.19.2.154

Journal List > J Korean Acad Psychiatr Ment Health Nurs > v.19(2) > 1057849

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Sung, Choi, and Eum: Effects of Hand Holding on Self-esteem and Assertiveness in Women Patients with Depression

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing 2010; 19(2): 154-162.

Published online: 30 June 2010

DOI: https://doi.org/10.12934/jkpmhn.2010.19.2.154

Effects of Hand Holding on Self-esteem and Assertiveness in Women Patients with Depression

Mi-Hae Sung¹, Mi Young Choi², Ok Bong Eum³

¹Associate Professor, Department of Nursing, College of Medicine, Inje University, Korea.

²Staff Nurse, Department of Nursing, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Korea.

³Director, Department of Nursing, Sanggye Paik Hospital, Korea.

Address reprint requests to: Sung, Mi-Hae, Department of Nursing, Inje University, 633-165, Gaegeum-dong, Busanjin-gu, Busan 614-735, Korea. Tel: 82-51-890-6825, Fax: 82-51-896-9840, nursmh@inje.ac.kr

Received 1 April 2010 Revised 2 June 2010 Accepted 4 June 2010

(open-access):

This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Purpose

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of hand holding on self-esteem and assertiveness in women patients with depression.

Methods

This study was a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The participants were 40 women patients who were hospitalized with depression. Twenty of the women patients with depression were assigned to the experimental group (hand holding), and twenty to the control group. For the experimental treatment group hand holding was done for 2 wks.

Results

The experimental group with hand holding showed an increase in self-esteem (t=3.99, p<.001), and assertiveness (t=5.37, p<.001) compared to the control group.

Conclusion

Hand holding is effective for increasing self-esteem and assertiveness in women patients with depression. The simple contact of hand holding can also be regarded as an effective and accessible nursing intervention in the neuropsychiatry ward.

Keywords: Therapeutic touch, Depression, Self-esteem, Assertiveness

Figures and Tables

Figure 1

Research design.

Table 1

General Characteristics and Homogeneity Test (N=40)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Table 2

Homogeneity Test of Dependent Variables (N=40)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Table 3

Differences of Self-esteem between Two Groups (N=40)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

Table 4

Differences of Assertiveness between Two Groups (N=40)

Exp.=experimental group; Cont.=control group.

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