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Abstract
Although seclusion and restraint are required for the treatment of mentally ill patients in psychiatric hospitals, these procedures involve potential violations of human rights and pose a potential risk to patients' physical condition. Nursing staffs in psychiatric hospitals often have to manage psychiatric patients who display aggressive, violent, or challenging behavior. However, the guidelines for the use of seclusion and restraint in Korea are too broad to apply in clinical situations. The guidelines in the United States, Australia, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand emphasize that patients' basic needs have to be met and stipulate that patient–staff interaction must be continued during seclusion and restraint procedures. Mental health workers in psychiatric hospitals should pay close attention to patients' verbal and non-verbal expressions while communicating with them. This study reviews the guidelines for seclusion and restraint used in foreign countries to improve current Korean guidelines and provides strategies of the nursing activities to be implemented when patients require seclusion and restraint.
Figures and Tables
Table 1
Comparison of seclusion and restraint guidelines for monitoring and debriefing
a : 보건복지부. 격리강박 지침, 2012, b : American Psychiatric Nurses Associations. Standards of practice : Seclusion and restraint, 2014, c : New York State of Opportunity. Implementation guidelines : Restraint and Seclusion, 2016, d : Government of South Australia. Restraint and Seclusion in Mental Health Services Policy Guideline, 2015, e : Ministry of Health (New Zealand). Seclusion under the Mental Health (Compulsory Assessment and Treatment) Act, 1992, f : Department of Health (United Kingdom). Mental Health Act 1983 : Code of Practice
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