Pilot Study on Resting-State Functional Connectivity under the Effects of Familial Loading in People at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Beom Jun Min; Tae Young Lee; Sung Nyun Kim; Hyun Jung Han; Da-Jung Shin; Seo Hyun Jo; Jun Soo Kwon

doi:10.0000/kjsr.2012.15.2.90

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Min, Lee, Kim, Han, Shin, Jo, and Kwon: Pilot Study on Resting-State Functional Connectivity under the Effects of Familial Loading in People at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Original Article

Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research

Korean Journal of Schizophrenia Research 2012; 15(2): 90-98.

Published online: 31 October 2012

DOI: https://doi.org/10.0000/kjsr.2012.15.2.90

Pilot Study on Resting-State Functional Connectivity under the Effects of Familial Loading in People at Ultra-High Risk for Psychosis

Beom Jun Min, MD¹, Tae Young Lee, MD¹, Sung Nyun Kim, MD¹, Hyun Jung Han, MA², Da-Jung Shin, BA², Seo Hyun Jo³, Jun Soo Kwon, MD, PhD^1,^2,³

¹Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

²Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences, WCU, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

³Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Neuroscience Institute, SNU-MRC, Seoul, Korea.

Address for correspondence: Jun Soo Kwon, Department of Psychiatry, Seoul National University College of Medicine, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul 110-744, Korea. Tel: 02-2072-2972, Fax: 02-747-9063, kwonjs@snu.ac.kr

Received 29 August 2012 Revised 25 September 2012 Accepted 27 September 2012

Abstract

Objectives

People at ultra-high risk for psychosis have heterogenous character and different long-term outcomes. We divided ultra-high risk subjects into two subgroups by presence of familial history and tried to find different pattern of functional connectivity of the default mode network (DMN) between the two groups in order to examine the effects familial loading.

Methods

Eleven subjects at clinical-high risk (CHR) group with familial history of psychiatric illness and nineteen subjects of CHR group without familial history were recruited. All the subjects were scanned using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging. A posterior cingulate cortex was the seed region of the analysis, and the DMN of the both high risk group were analyzed with voxel-wise two sample T test.

Results

The CHR group with familial history showed greater functional connectivity in the precuneus area in contrast with the other high risk subjects (peak-level t=5.49, p<0.001). There were no significant differences in total score on the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale and Scales of Psychosis-risk Syndrome between the two groups.

Conclusion

The study suggests that the abnormalities of functional connectivity between precuneus and posterior cingulate area may be associated with the genetic vulnerability of high risk trait.

Keywords: Ultra-high risk for psychosis, Familial loading, Default mode network, Precuneus

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

(A) Glass brain and (B) axial section view for the brain areas in which clinical high risk group with familial history showed significantly increased functional connectivity than clinical high risk group without familial history.

Fig. 2

Positive correlation between disorganized SOPS score and functional connectivity between the PCC seed region and precuneus area in the clinical high risk group with familial history. r=0.739, p=0.009. SOPS : Scales of Psychosis-risk Syndrome, PCC : posterior cingulate cortex.

Table 1

Demographic and clinical variables of subjects

Data are presented as mean±SD unless otherwise indicated. ^*: Mann-Whitey test, ^†: Chi-square test. CHR-F : clinical high risk group with familial history, CHR-NF : clinical high risk group without familial history, M/F : Male/Female, R/L : Right/Left, IQ : intelligence quotient, SOPS : Scale of Prodromal Symptoms, PANSS : Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale, HAM-D : Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression, HAM-A : Hamilton Rating Scale for Anxiety

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