Antimicrobial effect of Prunus mume extracts against cariogenic bacteria

Jung-Sun Lee; Ki-Ho Chung

doi:10.11149/jkaoh.2017.41.1.65

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Lee and Chung: Antimicrobial effect of Prunus mume extracts against cariogenic bacteria

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 2017; 41(1): 65-70.

Published online: 31 March 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2017.41.1.65

Antimicrobial effect of Prunus mume extracts against cariogenic bacteria

Jung-Sun Lee¹, Ki-Ho Chung²

¹Department of Public Health, Graduate School, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.

²Department of Preventive Dentistry and Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Ki-Ho Chung. Department of Preventive Dentistry and Public Oral Health, Yonsei University, Sinchon-dong, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2228-3070, Fax: +82-2-392-2936, yspd8050@naver.com

Received 20 February 2017 Revised 22 March 2017 Accepted 23 March 2017

(open-access):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

This study was conducted to determine whether Prunus mume extracts have an antimicrobial effect against Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans) and Streptococcus sobrinus (S. sobrinus).

Methods

The study used crushed and dried Prunus mume, to which 80% methanol was added to obtain extracts. The extracts then underwent a demarcation process, sequentially using hexane, chloroform, and ethyl acetate, all of which have different polarities, followed by a reduction in pressure . The disc diffusion method was then used to measure the clear zone diameter to identify the antimicrobial effect of Prunus mume extracts using the different solvents. The methanol extracts that presented antimicrobial activity against S. mutans and S. sobrinus were then selected, and their optical densities (3, 6, 9, 12, and 24 h after cultivation) were measured to identify growth retardation effects based on extract concentration (0.01, 0.1, 1, and 5 mg/ml).

Results

A clear zone was observed in methanol and ethyl acetate for S. mutans when the antimicrobial effect of Prunus mume extracts of each solvent against oral microorganisms was measured via the disc diffusion method. A clear zone was observed in hexane, chloroform, methanol, and ethyl acetate, when the extracts were tested for antimicrobial activity against S. sobrinus. The extract concentration of 1 mg/ml retarded growth with a statistical significance (P<0.05) from 6 h onwards, as determined when the optical density was measured hourly and the growth curves of S. mutans and S. sobrinus were plotted.

Conclusions

Prunus mume extracts retarded the growth of S. mutans and S. sobrinus with increase in time and concentration. Therefore, Prunus mume extracts hold the potential to be used for developing an oral antimicrobial agent to control dental caries.

Keywords: Antimicrobial effect, Prunus mume, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus sobrinus

Figures and Tables

Fig. 1

Growth curves of S. mutans cultured at different concentration of Prunus mume.

Fig. 2

Growth curves of S. sobrinus cultured at different concentration of Prunus mume.

Table 1

Antimicrobial activity of Prunus mume extract with different solvents

Values represent the mean±SD of triplicate.

- : no growth inhibition.

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