Comparative remineralization effects of human and artificial saliva compositions on incipient dental caries

Seong-Soog Jeong; Ki-Ho Chung

doi:10.11149/jkaoh.2017.41.1.50

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Jeong and Chung: Comparative remineralization effects of human and artificial saliva compositions on incipient dental caries

Original Article

Journal of Korean Academy of Oral Health 2017; 41(1): 50-55.

Published online: 31 March 2017

DOI: https://doi.org/10.11149/jkaoh.2017.41.1.50

Comparative remineralization effects of human and artificial saliva compositions on incipient dental caries

Seong-Soog Jeong^1,², Ki-Ho Chung³

¹Department of Preventive & Public Health Dentistry, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Korea.

²Dental Science Research Institute, Chonnam National University School of Dentistry, Gwangju, Korea.

³Department of Preventive Dentistry and Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul, Korea.

Corresponding Author: Ki-Ho Chung. Department of Preventive Dentistry and Public Oral Health, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, 50 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul 03722, Korea. Tel: +82-2-2228-3070, Fax: +82-2-392-2926, yspd8050@naver.com

Received 19 February 2017 Revised 21 March 2017 Accepted 22 March 2017

(open-access):

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Abstract

Objectives

The purpose of this study was to compare enamel remineralization effects of human whole saliva and currently available artificial saliva compositions, using teeth exposed to chemical pH cycling conditions, and to obtain data that can inform future design and manufacturing of additional artificial saliva compositions.

Methods

Seventy-two specimens of bovine tooth enamel were embedded in resin, then polished and exposed to a lactate/carbopol buffer system for 48-52 hours. Specimens were allocated into six experimental groups (n=12 specimens per group) by randomized blocks, such that each group contained an equivalent proportion of specimens at each Vickers hardness number (VHN) stratum: deionized water as a negative control, human whole saliva and artificial saliva compositions A, B, C and D. Surface hardness was measured before and after 15 days of chemical pH cycling. Surface microhardness was measured (Fm-7, Future-tech Corp, Japan) before and after treatment with test saliva compositions. One-way ANOVA, with post hoc Tukey test, was used to evaluate statistical differences with a significance threshold of P<0.05 .

Results

The intragroup changes in microhardness (ΔVHN) for treatment with each saliva composition were (in ascending order of ΔVHN): ―0.39±16.08 (deionized water control), 7.32±11.52 (artificial saliva B), 39.18±11.94 (artificial saliva C), 3.83±13.81 (artificial saliva D), 62.44±29.23 (artificial saliva A) and 102.90±25.89 (human whole saliva). Enamel treated with human saliva, or with artificial saliva compositions A, C, or D, demonstrated comparatively greater microhardness than enamel treated with deionized water or artificial saliva B. There was no difference in surface hardness between enamel treated with artificial saliva B and enamel treated with deionized water.

Conclusions

Our study suggests that human saliva and artificial saliva compositions A, C, and D are effective remineralization solutions for use in pH cycling.

Keywords: Artificial saliva, Dental caries, Remineralization

Figures and Tables

Table 1

Composition of test treatment solution

Table 2

The treatment schedule to be used for pH cycling (15 days)

Table 3

Change of surface hardness and comparison between test solution

Values are mean±standard deviation.

^*P<0.05, by one way ANOVA.

^{a, b, c, d}Values with same superscript letter are not statistically significant by Tukey's multiple range test at α=0.05.

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